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Small Animal Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Q&A 16 (view source)
Revision as of 16:58, 10 October 2011
, 16:58, 10 October 2011no edit summary
|a1=
|a1=
Yes, because deep pain sensation is not lost until after voluntary motor movement is lost.
Yes, because deep pain sensation is not lost until after voluntary motor movement is lost.
|l1=
|l1=Neurological Examination - Dog & Cat#Nociception
|q2=How do you perform a deep pain response test, and what constitutes a positive deep pain response?
|q2=How do you perform a deep pain response test, and what constitutes a positive deep pain response?
|a2=
|a2=Neurological Examination - Dog & Cat#Nociception
By applying a noxious stimulus, e.g. hemostats on the toes (to ‘crunch bone’).
By applying a noxious stimulus, e.g. hemostats on the toes (to ‘crunch bone’).
|a3=
|a3=
The T12–T13 intervertebral disc space.
The T12–T13 intervertebral disc space.
|l3=
|l3=Intervertebral Disc Degeneration
|q4=List six plain film radiographic signs of acute thoracolumbar disc extrusions. (Do not assume that all of these radiographic signs are present in this case.)
|q4=List six plain film radiographic signs of acute thoracolumbar disc extrusions. (Do not assume that all of these radiographic signs are present in this case.)
|a4=
|a4=
*disc material in the spinal canal (cloudiness of the ‘horse’s head’);
*disc material in the spinal canal (cloudiness of the ‘horse’s head’);
*narrowing between articular facets.
*narrowing between articular facets.
|l4=
|l4=Intervertebral Disc Degeneration
|q5=What contrast radiographic study is used to localize the surgical lesion definitively?
|q5=What contrast radiographic study is used to localize the surgical lesion definitively?
|a5=
|a5=
Myelography.
Myelography.
|l5=
|l5=Intervertebral Disc Degeneration#Diagnosis
|q6=What are the three potential sources of pain in intervertebral disc disease?
|q6=What are the three potential sources of pain in intervertebral disc disease?
|a6=
|a6=
*discogenic pain (via pain receptors in the annulus fibrosus and dorsal longitudinal ligament);
*discogenic pain (via pain receptors in the annulus fibrosus and dorsal longitudinal ligament);
*meningeal pain.
*meningeal pain.
|l6=
|l6=Intervertebral Disc Degeneration
|q7=Why is paresis/paralysis less common with acute cervical intervertebral disc disease than with acute thoracolumbar disc disease?
|q7=Why is paresis/paralysis less common with acute cervical intervertebral disc disease than with acute thoracolumbar disc disease?
|a7=
|a7=
Because there is a smaller ratio of spinal cord diameter to vertebral canal diameter.
Because there is a smaller ratio of spinal cord diameter to vertebral canal diameter.
|l7=
|l7=Intervertebral Disc Degeneration
|q8=Give two reasons why corticosteroids must be used cautiously in acute intervertebral disc disease.
|q8=Give two reasons why corticosteroids must be used cautiously in acute intervertebral disc disease.
|a8=
|a8=
*Corticosteroids can produce euphoria, allowing for ‘pain-free’ movement by the animal which may potentiate further disc extrusion.
*Corticosteroids can produce euphoria, allowing for ‘pain-free’ movement by the animal which may potentiate further disc extrusion.
*GI side-effects such as erosions or ulcerations can occur with corticosteroid use. Colonic ulceration has been reported in dogs with intervertebral disc disease treated with corticosteroids.
*GI side-effects such as erosions or ulcerations can occur with corticosteroid use. Colonic ulceration has been reported in dogs with intervertebral disc disease treated with corticosteroids.
|l8=
|l8=Intervertebral Disc Degeneration#Treatment
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