| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| − | *Live on the skin surface
| + | {{frontpage |
| | + | |pagetitle = Non-Burrowing Mites |
| | + | |pagebody = |
| | + | They live on the skin surface and feed on either skin scales and tissue or suck blood. |
| | + | |contenttitle =Content |
| | + | |contentbody =<big><b> |
| | + | <br><br> |
| | + | <categorytree mode=pages>Non-Burrowing Mites</categorytree> |
| | + | </b></big> |
| | + | |logo =Otodectes logo.jpg |
| | + | }} |
| | + | {{Learning |
| | + | |flashcards = [[Mites_Flashcards|Mites Flashcards]] |
| | + | }} |
| | | | |
| − | *Feed on either skin scales and tissue or suck blood
| |
| | | | |
| − | | + | [[Category:Mites|B]] |
| − | [[Psoroptes|''Psoroptes'']] | + | [[Category:To_Do_-_Parasites]] |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | ===''Chorioptes bovis''===
| |
| − | | |
| − | *These cause [[Parasitic skin infections - Pathology#Chorioptic mites|parasitic skin infestation]]
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Surface parasite of horses and cattle
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Less pathogenic than ''Psoroptes''
| |
| − | **Mouthparts cannot pierce the skin
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Life cycle takes '''3 weeks'''
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | '''Recognition'''
| |
| − | *Oval body
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Long legs
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Cup shaped suckers on '''unsegmented''' pedicels
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Females about 300μm in length
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | '''Pathogenesis'''
| |
| − | *Chorioptic mange
| |
| − | **Often seen in rough-legged horses with heavy feathering
| |
| − | **Induce crusty skin and lesions below the hocks and knees
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Mild condition in cattle
| |
| − | **Rubbing and scratching
| |
| − | **Hide damage
| |
| − | **Usually affects the base of the tail, perineum and udder
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Usually found on legs of sheep
| |
| − | **Mild condition
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | ===''Otodectes cynotis''===
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Causes [[Parasitic skin infections - Pathology#Otodectic mites|otodectic skin infestation]]
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Commonest mange of dogs and cats in the world
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Inhabits the inner ear
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Also found in the fox and the ferret
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Closed keratinous bars ('''apodemes''') on ventral surface
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Life cycle takes '''3 weeks'''
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Feeds on ear debris
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | '''Pathogenesis'''
| |
| − | *The majority of cats harbour the mites, however only a few show symptoms
| |
| − | **Transmission occurs whilst kittens are suckling
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Common cause of [[Otitis Externa - Small Animal|otitis externa]] in dogs
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Brown waxy exudate produced
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Can lead to secondary infection
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Clinical signs are apparent
| |
| − | **Head shaking
| |
| − | **Ear scratching
| |
| − | **Aural haematomata
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | '''Treatment'''
| |
| − | *Acaracidal ear drops
| |
| − | **Massage base of ear to disperse drops after treatment
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Most treatments need to be repeated in 10-14 days to kill newly hatched mites
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Selamectin can be used as a spot-on treatment
| |
| − | **Prolonged duration of action
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Treat all in-contact animals
| |
| − | **These may be asymptomatic carriers
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | ===''Cheyletiella spp.''===
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Surface mite of cats and dogs
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Also found on humans and rabbits
| |
| − | **''C.yasguri'' (dogs)
| |
| − | **''C.blakei'' (cats and humans)
| |
| − | **''C.parasitivorax'' (rabbits)
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Causes [[Parasitic skin infections - Pathology#Cheyletiellosis|parasitic skin infestation]]
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | '''Recognition'''
| |
| − | *Waisted body
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Claw like palps on head
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Combs at ends of legs
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | '''Pathogenesis'''
| |
| − | *Highly contagious
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Mild pathogenesis
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Causes very scaly dermatitis
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Can be transferred to humans
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | '''Diagnosis'''
| |
| − | *Clinical signs
| |
| − | **Excess scurf
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Brush scurf onto dark paper
| |
| − | **'Walking dandruff' as mites will move when present in large numbers
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Skin scrapings
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Hair pluckings from scaly areas
| |
| − | **Eggs may be present
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | ===''Dermanyssus gallinae''===
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Red mite of poultry
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Spends most of time '''off''' the host
| |
| − | **Adults and nymphs visit poultry at night to feed
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Life cycle takes '''1 week'''
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Adults can survive several months without feeding so reservoirs can build up
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | '''Appearance'''
| |
| − | *Spider like mite with long legs
| |
| − | | |
| − | *White or grey
| |
| − | **Becomes red when engorged with blood after feeding
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Few hairs on body
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Hooks on legs
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | '''Pathogenesis'''
| |
| − | *Blood sucking mite
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Lesions usually found on the breast and legs
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Irritation, restlessness, decrease in egg production
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Anaemia can result if mites are present in large numbers
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Newly hatched chicks can rapidly die if infested
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | '''Treatment'''
| |
| − | *Acaricide
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Environmental treatment
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Remove wild bird nests
| |
| − | | |
| − | ===''Ornithonyssus''===
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Also called the Northern mite or Northern feather mite
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Closely related to ''Dermanyssus''
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Hairy
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Spends entire life cycle '''on''' the host
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Occurs in caged birds and poultry
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Causes feathers to become matted and severe scabbing can develop
| |
| − | **Scabs particularly seen around the vent
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Decreases egg production
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Grey or black discolouration of feathers when large numbers of mites are present
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | ===''Trombicula autumnalis''===
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Causes [[Parasitic skin infections - Pathology#Trombiculidiasis|parasitic skin infestation]]
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Also called the harvest mite
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Not host-specific
| |
| − | **Will parasitise any animal, including humans
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Only the larval stage is parasitic
| |
| − | **Nymphal and adult stages are free-living in the soil
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Mite numbers are highest in late summer in temperate climates
| |
| − | **Mite numbers are constant all year in tropical regions
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | '''Recognition'''
| |
| − | *Six legs
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Bright orange in colour
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Hairy
| |
| − | | |
| − | *No spiracles
| |
| − | **Breath through cuticle
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | '''Pathogenesis'''
| |
| − | *Larvae insert mouthparts into skin and inject cytolytic enzymes
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Feed on partly digested host tissue
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Causes irritation
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Can cause a hypersensitivity reaction
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Mites found on head, ears and flanks of pets
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Mites found on face and limbs of grazing animals (depending upon host height)
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | '''Control'''
| |
| − | *Very difficult; try to restrict access of animals to 'hot-spot' areas
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | '''Treatment'''
| |
| − | *Fipronil spray applied to affected areas
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | ===''Leporacarus''===
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Known as the rabbit fur mite
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Found on rabbits (domestic and wild) and on hares
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Common
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Clings to individual hairs
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Feeds on sebaceous secretions and skin debris
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Non-pathogenic
| |
| − | | |
| − | *May cause dermatitis in humans handling infected animals
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | [[Category:Mites]] | |