https://en.wikivet.net/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=MiandranwarWikiVet English - User contributions [en]2026-04-03T21:05:17ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.35.0https://en.wikivet.net/index.php?title=Mycoplasma_hyorhinis&diff=178455Mycoplasma hyorhinis2015-05-18T19:09:51Z<p>Miandranwar: /* Disease */</p>
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{{Taxobox<br />
|name = ''Mycoplasma hyorhinis''<br />
|phylum = Firmicutes<br />
|class = Mollicutes<br />
|order = Mycoplasmatales<br />
|family = Mycoplasmataceae<br />
|genus = [[:Category:Mycoplasmas|Mycoplasma]]<br />
}}<br />
Also Known As: ''''' Mycoplasma arthritis — Mycoplasma septicaemia — Mycoplasmal Polyserositis'''''<br />
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==Introduction==<br />
''Mycoplasma hyorhinis'' is a common [[Bacteria |bacterial]] '''commensal''' of pig’s respiratory tracts and an occasional cause of '''polyarthritis and polyserositis''' in young pigs. <br />
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''M. hyorhinis'' is commonly associated with other pathogens, exacerbating and facilitating disease, especially ''[[Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae]]'', the principal cause of [[Enzootic Pneumonia - Pigs]], ''[[Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae]]'' and ''[[Arcanobacterium pyogenes]]''.<br />
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''M. hyorhinis'' is also implicated in many severe cases of [[Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome]].<br />
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==Pathogenesis==<br />
Clinical Disease is most common in '''young pigs under 10 weeks old'''.<br />
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Antigens persist in the tissues, especially the joints, long after infection has resolved, stimulating '''auto-immune mechanisms''' which further damage the joints, causing damage which may be permanent.<br />
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==Clinical signs==<br />
The main presentation is as a chronic '''progressive polyserositis''' in pigs under 10 weeks old. '''Lameness and swollen joints''' are common and congenital arthrogryposis may be seen in young stock.<br />
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Fever usually accompanies clinical signs and animals often have a rough, dull, staring hair coat. '''Laboured breathing and tachycardia''' are non-specific cardiorespiratory signs.<br />
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'''Aural discharge''' with a foul odour represents otitis and may result in deafness. Otitis media may cause a head tilt and vestibular signs.<br />
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Dysphagia and vomiting/regurgitation are less common but significant. Other neurological and ocular signs may be also present .<br />
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'''Serofibrinous pleurisy, pericarditis and peritonitis''' are pathological features of ''M. hyorhinis''.<br />
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==Diagnosis==<br />
'''Joint fluid, synovial membranes and samples from the pleura, pericardium and peritoneum''' can be used for '''culture''' of ''M. hyorhinis''.<br />
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[[FAT|Immunofluorescent Antibody Testing ]]'''(IFAT)''' is also possible. [[Complement Fixation]] and [[Haemagglutination]] can be performed for serological diagnosis but are not widely available. <br />
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Antibodies can be detected in serum and synovial fluid, but not until 6 weeks post-infection.<br />
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==Treatment==<br />
A variety of antibiotics are effective, including '''tetracycline, tiamulin, enrofloxacin, tylosin and lincomycin.'''<br />
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{{Learning<br />
|flashcards = [[Mycoplasma hyorhinis Flashcards|''Mycoplasma hyorhinis'' Flashcards]]<br />
}}<br />
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==References==<br />
<references/><br />
{{CABI source<br />
|datasheet = [http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/?compid=3&dsid=74547&loadmodule=datasheet&page=2144&site=160 ''Mycoplasma hyorhinis'' infections] <br />
|date =15 June 2011<br />
}}<br />
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[[Category:Mycoplasmas]]<br />
[[Category:Pig Bacteria]][[Category:Musculoskeletal Diseases - Pig]]<br />
[[Category:CABI Expert Review]][[Category:CABI AHPC Pages]]</div>Miandranwar