Pericardial Effusion

2014-10-21T23:09:01Z

Ucorvet:

Most common pericardial disease (dogs & cats)
===Signalment===

Age: 5 years +

Genetics & Predisposed Breeds: Large Breeds (German Shepherd, Golden Retriever); Brachycephalic Breeds

===Description===

*Accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac as the result of a pathological process. The three types of pericardial effusions possible are hemorrhagic, exudative, and transudative. The type of effusion helps to determine the disease process.

-'''Hemorrhagic Effusions''': Neoplasia, Trauma, Idiopathic

-'''Transudative Effusions''': Hypoproteinemia

-'''Exudative Effusions''': Infections, Uremia, Idiopathic

*As the pericardial effusion accumulates, the increased pressure within the pericardial sac compresses the thin walled, lower pressure right ventricle decreasing its diastolic filling capacity. Consequently right sided congestive heart failure develops.

===Diagnosis===

====History & Clinical Signs====

-Exercise intolerance

-Weakness

-Lethargy

-Signs of right-sided heart failure (e.g. ascites, dyspnoea, hepatomegaly)

-Jugular Distension/Pulses

-Pulsus Paradoxus

-Pale Mucus Membranes

-Capillary Refill Time > 3 sec

====Physical Exam====

-Muffled Heart Sounds

-Decreased Respiratory Sounds

-Tachycardia

====Radiography====

-Enlarged, rounded cardiac silhouette

-Signs of right-sided heart failure:
*ascites

*pleural effusion

*distension of the caudal vena cava

*hepatomegaly

====Electrocardiography (ECG)====

Pericardial Effusions:

-short R wave

-tall ST wave

====Echocardiography====

-Fluid +

-Right-side heart collapse during diastole (cardiac tamponade)

-Neoplasia +/-

-Reduction in right heart size

===Treatment===

-Pericardiocentesis:

*Curative or palliative depending on the underlying cause of the effusion

-Pericardiectomy (recurrent idiopathic effusion)

-Surgical Removal (foreign bodies)

===Prognosis===

-Good (idiopathic effusion, foreign bodies)

-Poor (neoplasia)

===References===

Kittleson, Mark D., Kienle, Richard D. (1998) '''Small Animal Cardiovascular Medicine''' Missouri:Mosby

[[Category:Pericardial_Pathology]]
[[Category:Cardiac Diseases - Dog]][[Category:Cardiac Diseases - Cat]]
[[Category:Cardiac Diseases - Horse]]
[[Category:Cardiac Diseases - Pig]]
[[Category:Cardiology Section]]

Category:Cardiovascular System - Pathology

2014-10-21T22:59:39Z

Ucorvet:

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|pagebody =
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|contentbody =<big>
<categorytree mode=pages>Cardiovascular System - Pathology</categorytree>

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|logo =Heart logo.jpg
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==Literature Search==
[[File:CABI logo.jpg|left|90px]]

Use these links to find recent scientific publications via CAB Abstracts (log in required unless accessing from a subscribing organisation).
 
[http://www.cabi.org/cabdirect/FullTextPDF/2009/20093360273.pdf ''' Review on nutritional management of cardiac disorders in canines.''' Sarita Devi; Jani, R. G.; Veterinary World, Rajkot, India, Veterinary World, 2009, 2, 12, pp 482-485, 15 ref. - '''Full Text Article''']

==References==

===Books===

Cote, Etienne. (2007) '''Clinical Veterinary Advisor: Dogs and Cats.''' Missouri: Mosby.

Fuentes, Virginia, Swift, Simon. (1998) '''BSAVA Manual of Small Animal Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Surgery.''' United Kingdom: BSAVA.

Kittleson, Mark D., Kienle, Richard D. (1998) '''Small Animal Cardiovascular Medicine.''' Missouri: Mosby

Ogilvie, Timothy H. (2005) '''NVMS Large Animal Internal Medicine.''' Iowa: Blackwell.

Shaw, Darcy, Ihle, Sherri. (2006) '''NVMS Small Animal Internal Medicine.''' Iowa: Blackwell.

Tilley, Larry P., Smith, Francis W.K., Oyama, Mark A., Sleeper, Meg M. (2008) '''Manual of Canine and Feline Cardiology.''' Missouri: Saunders Elsvier.
===Images===

The Royal Veterinary College Pathology Department

The Royal Veterinary College Cardiovascular Lectures
[[Category:WikiPath]]

Minnesota Vet School Links

2014-10-21T22:53:54Z

Ucorvet:

{{OpenPagesTop}}
These links have been kindly provided by the [http://hsl.lib.umn.edu/vetmed/help/online-veterinary-resources University of Minnesota Veterinary Medical Library].

Anatomy & Histology
[http://www.vetmeded.com/ Anatomy]Instructional materials developed during 29 years of teaching veterinary gross anatomy at Michigan State (4) and Iowa State University (25) by Dr. Donald R. Adams are available via this web site. This interactive Educational Software covers many species.

 

[http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/ClientED/anatomy/dog_digest.asp Anatomy - Digestive System of the Dog]This Washington State University, College of Veterinary Medicine's website displays color illustrations of the digestive system of the dog. Illustrations provided from the Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy, published by Hill's Pet Nutrition.

 

[http://www.lumen.luc.edu/lumen/MedEd/medicine/dermatology/melton/skinlsn/sknlsn.htm Anatomy and Histology of the Skin]This educational website from the Loyola University Medical Education Network intends to aid in the teaching of dermatology. Edited by Jason R. Swanson and Jeffrey L. Melton, M.D.

 

[http://www.ucd.ie/vetanat/images/image.html Anatomy Images]Veterinary dissection images provided by the University College, Dublin. Images cover both large and small animals.

 

[http://lowchensaustralia.com/health/anatomy.htm Canine Anatomy]Provides overview of canine anatomy and organ systems and comprehensive links to canine anatomy articles, graphics, and information. Chinaroad Löwchens of Australia also provides content and comprehensive links to a wide range of canine health, care, and breeding topics ([http://lowchensaustralia.com/sitemenu.htm http://lowchensaustralia.com/sitemenu.htm]).

 

[http://php.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php?title=Movies Embryology- 3D Model Movies]3D Model Links contain 3D reconstructions of embryos, constructed from the serial slices are provided by the University of New South Whales, Sydney. Two embryos, a Carnegie stage 13/14 pig embryo, and a Carnegie stage 22 human embryo have been imaged, and the videos require Quicktime

 

[http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/VAn308/gross-page.htm Gross Anatomy of the Dog and Histology]Provides information, images, and illustrations on the anatomy of the dog and histology. Resource provided by Washington State University.

 

[http://webanatomy.net/histology/histology.htm Guide to Histology Sites and Pages: Histo-Anatomy Modules and Links]Provides information, images, and illustrations on histology and anatomy modules. A wide range of systems, organs, tissues, and cells are covered.

 

[http://www.histology-world.com/ Histology World]Histology can be fun! Website contains histology information, images, games, and entertainment.

 

[http://education.vetmed.vt.edu/Curriculum/VM8054/VM8054HP.HTM Histology by Dr. Thomas Caceci]This course in animal histology and microscopic anatomy of organs developed by Dr. Thomas Caceci provides online lecture material and lab exercises. Website is published by Virginia Tech.

 

[http://www.udel.edu/Biology/Wags/histopage/histopage.htm Mammalian Histology]The University of Delaware's Mammalian Histology course is taught at a comprehensive level and concentrates heavily on human tissues and organ systems. A sizeable collection of color light microscopic images as well as black and white electron microscopic images have been archived and can be accessed by links with this home page.

 

[http://webanatomy.net/histology/blood.htm Histology of the Blood]Website provides information and images of erythrocytes, sickle cells, granulocytes, agranulocytes, lymphocytes, leukocytes, and platelets, to name a few.

 

[http://www.images4u.com/ Interactive Drawings and Dissections for Veterinary Anatomists]Search database for anatomical illustrations, photographs, and movies for canine, feline, porcine, caprine, ovine, bovine, and equine species.

 

[http://vanat.cvm.umn.edu/WebSitesCarn.html U of MN Veterinary Anatomy Courses]Provides links to the University Of Minnesota, College of Veterinary Medicine's veterinary anatomy courses.

 

[http://www.whitman.edu/biology/vpd/main.html Virtual Pig Dissection]Provides interactive study guides and quizzes for the dissection of the fetal pig. Resource is provided by Whitman College and requires the Shockwave media plug-in.

 

Anaesthesia & Fluid Therapy
[http://www.ovc.uoguelph.ca/personal/ddyson/online/HOMEPAGE/index.html Anesthesia On-Line]This site is designed to provide technical information related to anesthetic management in veterinary practice. Provided by the University of Guelph.

 

Avian Diseases
[http://www.avianweb.com/BirdSpeciesSyndroms.htm Bird Species and Their Common Diseases]AvianWeb.com provides a list of bird species and links to information on their respective common diseases and syndromes. This site also provides information on bird healthcare.

 

Basic Sciences
[http://cellempire.tripod.com/ Cell Biology]Provides general information and illustrations of plant and animal cells.

 

[http://www.biology.ualberta.ca/facilities/multimedia/index.php?Page=333 Lab procedures]This instructional multimedia provided by the University of Alberta documents pipetting techniques, gradient mixers, spectrometers, gel electrophoresis, and gel filtration chromatography.

 

[http://web.uvic.ca/ail/techniques/technique_index.html Microscopy and Imaging Techniques]Explains a variety of microscopy and imaging techniques with textual information, charts, and labeled illustrations. Provided by the University of Victoria.

 

[http://www.moleculesinmotion.com/ Molecules in Motion]At Molecules in Motion, research scientists, teachers, and students alike can explore and gain a rapid and deep understanding of molecular structure and function from interactive, rotatable 3D molecular structures. We design custom animations, too!

 

Biochemistry
[http://www.usa-people-search.com/content-biology-animations,-movies-interactive-links.aspx Animations for Biology and Biochemistry]Website provides links for biochemistry and biology movies, animations and interactive tutorials.

 

[http://biochem-vivek.tripod.com/index.html Biochemistry Online]Website provides the basics of biochemistry without compromising on the molecular details. Covers lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, binding, transport and kinetics, catalysis, oxidative-phosphorylation, signal transduction, and metabolic pathways.

 

Cardiology
[http://www.vetgo.com/cardio/concepts/concindx.php Clinical Cardiology Concepts for the Dog and Cat]This resource provided by VetGo. Sections include cardiovascular physiology, pathophysiology, clinical evaluation of heart disease, thoracic radiograph tutorial, general therapeutic concepts, acquired heart disease, heartworm disease, congenital heart disease, electrocardiology, and echocardiography.

 

[http://www.uchicagokidshospital.org/online-library/content=P01785 Electrocardiography]Website covers the basics of electrocardiography. This resource is provided by the University of Chicago.

 

[http://www.vetmed.ucdavis.edu/vmth/small_animal/cardio_kittleson/cases/index.htm Case Studies in Small Animal Cardiovascular Medicine]This site is designed to present small animal patients with cardiovascular disease examined by the author, Dr. Mark Kittleson, and his residents working in the Cardiology Service at the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital (VMTH) at UC-Davis. The format is that of a rounds session in which the signalment, history, and physical examination findings are presented on the first page followed by diagnostic studies.

 

[http://www.clevelandclinicmeded.com/medicalpubs/diseasemanagement/cardioindex.htm Cardiology Chapters - Disease Management Project]The Disease Management project is comprehensive source for practical treatment strategies authored entirely by physicians from The Cleveland Clinic, recognized by U.S. News & World Report as one of the top hospitals in the United States. This cardiology chapters section covers a variety of cardiac diseases.

 

[http://www.vetgo.com/cardio/index.php Veterinary Cardiology Online]This site is primarily intended to provide educational material for veterinary students and practitioners in the area of cardiology at several levels. At the most basic level, you will be able to view radiographs, ultrasounds and ECG traces, and listen to heart sounds in order to gain an appreciation for both normal and specific disease conditions. Building on this will be the introduction of case material allowing you the opportunity to integrate the basic concepts into specific cases. In addition, a concepts section and glossary will be available and linked to relevant material whenever possible.

 

[http://www.vetgo.com/cardio/database/raddb.php Radiograph Database - Veterinary Cardiology Online]Search for specific radiographs in the database provided by Veterinary Cardiology Online by radiographic & clinical diagnoses and descriptions.

 

[http://www.visibleheart.com/index.shtml The Visible Heart]The Visible Heart® project, a novel educational tool for observing how a real heart works from within. You can see a beating heart, all the valve movements, the contractions of atria and ventricles, and the architecture of the heart as it beats. [http://www.visibleheart.com/videoLibrary.shtml The Video Library] features video clips and sample views from various anatomical sites within the heart. The project was created jointly by the University of Minnesota and Medtronic and requires Quicktime.

 

Dentistry
[http://arbl.cvmbs.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/digestion/pregastric/dentalanat.html Dental Anatomy of Specific Species]
Detailed dental anatomy provided for cats, dogs, horses, llamas, rabbits, rodents, ruminants, and swine. Published by Colorado State University.

 

Gastroenterology
[http://www.vet.ohio-state.edu/assets/courses/vm609/index.html Comparative Gastroenterology]Website provides sample quizzes and study questions for comparative gastroenterology. Resource provided by Ohio State University.

 

'''General Veterinary Resources'''

[http://www.rvc.ac.uk/review/Cases/ Emergency Case Simulator - The Royal Veterinary College]The Royal Veterinary College emergency case simulator provides cases that are based on true life emergencies and will be met in first opinion practice.

 

[http://www.merckvetmanual.com/mvm/index.jsp Merck Veterinary Manual]''The Merck Veterinary Manual (MVM) has served veterinarians and other animal health professionals as a concise and reliable animal health reference for over 50 years. The MVM'' is the single most comprehensive electronic reference for animal care information. In addition, the online version features over 1400 images - including new video and audio files - that allow users to view rare disease-causing organisms, identify plants poisonous to animals, see characteristic lesions, or review practical laboratory techniques.

 

[http://www.veterinarypartner.com/ VeterinaryPartner.com]VeterinaryPartner.com is here to support your veterinarian and you in the care of your companion animals by providing reliable, up-to-date animal health information from the veterinarians and experts of the Veterinary Information Network (VIN), the world's first and largest online veterinary database and community.

 

[http://www.martindalecenter.com/Vet_8_Subject.html The "Virtual" Veterinary Center]Link to resources listed by subject, including veterinary histology, microbiology, parasitology, entomology, clinical pathology, and chemicals, pesticides, and poisonous plants.

 

[http://netvet.wustl.edu/vspecial.htm NetVet - Veterinary Resources: Specialties]NetVet originates from the vivid imagination and late night web-surfing of Dr. Ken Boschert, a Veterinarian at Washington University's Division of Comparative Medicine. Among this server's Web Pages are numerous views of Veterinary Medical and Animal resources available on the Internet and beyond.

 

[https://www.acvs.org/ Animal Health Conditions - American College of Veterinary Surgeons]Descriptions of many common health conditions affecting animals have been developed by ACVS Veterinary Surgeons and residents in veterinary surgery residency programs. The website provides food animal topics, large animal/equine topics, and small animal topics.

 

[http://www.avma.org/public_health/default.asp AVMA Public Health Information]This website of the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) provides public health information on a variety of topics such as anthrax, biosecurity, BSE, chronic wasting disease, food safety, foot and mouth disease, influenza, rabies, SARS, West Nile virus, and others.

 

[http://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/glossary/glossary.asp Definitions and Abbreviations of Veterinary Terms]This glossary provides explanations veterinary terms and abbreviations. Resource is provided by Washington State University.

 

Gynaecology
[http://www.vetmed.lsu.edu/eiltslotus/theriogenology-5361/dog--white_2.htm Breeding Soundness Exam of Dog]This site provides information on identifying breeding soundness of the dog that is not only important for the medical records but is also essential in the case of a pre-purchase examination. Failure to positively identify an animal could cause legal problems in the future. This information is provided by Louisiana State University.

 

Immunology
[http://www.biology.ualberta.ca/facilities/multimedia/index.php?Page=283 Animations of Immunology]Immunological instructional multimedia provided by the University of Alberta has models for lymph nodes, major histocompatilbility complex I, naïve T cell extravasation, signal transduction, and type I hypersensitivity.

 

[http://www.susanahalpine.com/anim/ Kuby, Immunology - Animations]Eight animations of various complex text concepts and figures from Kuby, Immunology provide a better understanding of immunological processes. The animations also provide expanded explanatory descriptions of the illustrated text concepts.

 

[http://post.queensu.ca/~forsdyke/theorimm.htm Theoretical Immunology]This collection of full text papers with commentary expresses that to really understand immunology we must first understand the historical development of ideas on immunology. But to really understand its history, we must first understand immunology.

 

Large Animal Medicine
[https://www.acvs.org/large-animal Large Animal/Equine Health Conditions - ACVS]This information provided by the American College of Veterinary Surgeons covers large animal and equine topics such as laminitis, laparoscopy, limb deviation, ophthalmology, urachus, colic, cryptorchidism, wound management, and skin tumors.

 

[http://www.vet.uga.edu/LAM/teaching/index.php Large Animal Medicine Courses and Lecture Notes]Website provides complete lecture notes, publications, PowerPoint presentations, and slides for large animal medicine courses offered at the University of Georgia College of Veterinary

 

[http://www.vet.ohio-state.edu/assets/courses/vm616/cow/sld001.htm Bovine Infectious Diseases]Images documenting bovine infectious diseases are provided by Ohio State University.

 

[http://www.tufts.edu/~ahoffm01/SAIDwizard/index.html Small Airway Inflammatory Disease]Small airway inflammatory disease (SAID) is a condition that affects a large number of horses and can be hard to diagnose. Although it causes coughing and/or significant exercise intolerance, you can actually look forward to significant improvement in your horse with proper treatment. Read through this website provided by Tufts University to learn more about SAID.

 

 

Microbiology
[http://www.biology.ualberta.ca/facilities/multimedia/index.php?Page=289 Instructional Multimedia - Microbiology]Instructional and interactive multimedia discuss a variety of infections, bacteria, and topics in microbiology. This resource is provided by the University of Alberta and requires the Flash plug-in.

 

[http://pictures.life.ku.dk/atlas/microatlas/veterinary/intro.html Veterinary Bacteriology and Mycology - Online Photo Atlas]This Photo Atlas is intended as an aid to students in veterinary microbiology. The atlas contains photographs accompanied by short descriptions of bacteria, fungus, tests, and media in the following four categories: bacterial morphology, fungal morphology, phenotyping tests and plating media. This resource is provided by the Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University (KVL), Denmark.

 

Miscellaneous
- These sites have info on more than one subject

[http://www.kashvet.org/e-learning.htm KASHVET- Online Veterinary Resources]This website endeavors to provide the veterinarian and students of veterinary sciences in India access quality learning resources and up-to-date information by harnessing the powers of the internet and Information Technology. It also hopes to provide a platform for meaningful expression, to highlight the problems faced by the Vets (practicing or budding), to stimulate changes from quarters that matter, and to portray the various facets of the Veterinary profession in India and Jammu & Kashmir.

 

Nephrology
[http://www.kidneyatlas.org/ Atlas of Diseases of the Kidney]This five volume series is available electronically in full-text, and provides each volumes table of contents and the function to search the text by keyword. High resolution images and power point presentations are also made available to accompany this resource. The series is edited by Robert W. Schrier.

 

'''Neuroscience'''

[http://vanat.cvm.umn.edu/neurolvideo/Specie.html Veterinary Clinical Neurology Video Clips]This web site archives video-clips of selected patients of the Veterinary Medical Center at the University of Minnesota's College of Veterinary Medicine. The veterinary patients exhibited either neurology disorders or normal responses during a clinical neurology exam. The video-clips are identified by case number and are intended for use by faculty and students.

 

Ophthalmology
[http://www.dcavm.org/04nov.html Ophthalmology Lecture Notes]These lecture notes provided by the University of California, Davis cover ophthalmic examination and diagnostic testing.

Parasitology
[http://www.capcvet.org/ Companion Animal Parasite Council (CAPC)]The mission of CAPC is to foster animal and human health, while preserving the human-animal bond, through recommendations for the diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control of parasitic infections. The CAPC promotes and facilitates the adoption of practices and procedures to protect pets from parasitic infections and to reduce the risk of transmission of zoonotic parasites.

 

[http://www.heartwormsociety.org/ American Heartworm Society]The mission of the American Heartworm Society is to be the global resource for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of heartworm disease. Their site provides veterinary resources, pet owner resources and media resources.

 

[http://www.knowheartworms.org/index.asp KNOW Heartworms]This enhanced multi-media website for KNOW Heartworms is a partnership of the American Heartworm Society, the American Association of Feline Practitioners, and Pfizer Animal Health. The KNOW Heartworms campaign will educate veterinarians and cat owners about the real threat of the disease and the importance of prevention.

 

[http://www.apacapacas.com/parasites/ The Parasite]This website provides pictures of the eggs and oocysts produced by the various parasites that commonly inhabit the internal workings of domestic animals. It is intended to be used as a guide so that you can easily identify what you see when studying fecal slides under the microscope.

 

Pathology
[http://www.vspn.net/LIBRARY/WWWDirectory/Anatomy.htm Anatomy and Pathology Links]This list of links to anatomy and pathology websites is provided by the Veterinary Support Personnel Network (VSPN). It includes veterinary, human and general anatomy and pathology websites.

 

[http://www.scribd.com/doc/31982788/Principles-of-Pathology-Notes-2001 Principles of Pathology Outline and Notes]This PDF file provides the outline and notes for the Principles of Pathology course offered by D.W. Hayden at the University of Minnesota's College of Veterinary Medicine.

 

[http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/webpath.html#MENU The Internet Pathology Laboratory for Medical Education]This popular web resource includes over 1900 images along with text, tutorials, laboratory exercises, and examination items for self-assessment that demonstrate gross and microscopic pathologic findings associated with human disease conditions. This Resource is provided by the University of Utah.

 

Pet Owner Resources

[http://www.marvistavet.com/html/the_pet_web_library.html Pet Web Library - Mar Vista Animal Medical Center]The Mar Vista Animal Medical Center strives to provide informational materials on some of the most common medical concerns of pet dogs & cats. Topics are arranged below alphabetically and provide a variety of information, images and resources.

 

[http://www.peteducation.com/ PetEducation.com]The PetEducation.com web site contains more than 2,800 in-depth articles written by the Drs. Foster & Smith veterinary staff. PetEducation.com has received high ratings and awards of excellence from multiple organizations, and is visited by more than 14,000 pet owners and pet professionals every day from all over the world. The site provides article for dogs, cats, fish, birds, ferrets, small pets, and reptiles.

 

Pharmacology
[http://cpharm.vetmed.vt.edu/ Veterinary Clinical Pharmacology]This website provides veterinary clinical pharmacology lecture notes, images, and information developed by the Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine.

 

Physiology
[http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/endocrine/index.html Pathophysiology of the Endocrine System]This hypertextbook provided by Colorado State University covers fundamental concepts in endocrinology and a tour of the endocrine system.

 

Small Animal Medicine
[http://maxshouse.com/Database_toc.htm Max's House - Feline Health Care Database]Max's House is produced in the interest of improving the health of cats everywhere. While every attempt has been made to assure the accuracy and completeness of the information contained herein, Max's House cannot guarantee the accuracy of the original sources of information or serve as a substitute for regular professional veterinary care. Max's House is provided for reference only and intends to be an outstanding and informative addition to your cat's health care program.

 

[http://www.marvistavet.com/ Mar Vista Animal Center Home Page]The Mar Vista Animal Center practice philosophy includes not only the finest pet care but the finest pet care education services to our clients and community. Select one of the areas of the surgery suite, pet web library, pharmacy center, and vaccine mezzanine to learn more about care for your pet.

 

[http://www.vet.ohio-state.edu/assets/courses/vm718/index.html Small Animal Medicine Clinical Problem Solving]This interactive website provided by Ohio State University features clinical problem solving tutorials for cases in small animal internal medicine.

 

Small Ruminants
[http://sheepandgoat.com/Index.html Maryland Small Ruminant Page]The Maryland Small Ruminant Page was established to provide information to sheep and goat producers and anyone else interested in sheep and goat production and marketing. The web site includes original documents and images (by the author) as well as a comprehensive list of links pertaining to small ruminants. It is maintained by Susan Schoenian, Sheep and Goat Specialist at the University of Maryland's Western Maryland Research & Education Center Sheep and Goat Information Resources

 

[http://www.tennesseemeatgoats.com/articles2/articlesMain.html Onion Creek Ranch Tennessee Meat Goats][http://www.tennesseemeatgoats.com/articles2/articlesMain.html TM][http://www.tennesseemeatgoats.com/articles2/articlesMain.html Articles]Many parts of the country have no access whatsoever to vets who have knowledge of caprine health or nutrition. Moreover, many breeders live in remote areas where veterinary services are not readily accessible even if they are available. This website provides articles on goat health, nutrition, and management.

 

Surgery
[http://www.vet.uga.edu/LAM/teaching/mueller/castration/default.html Equine Castration]This resource is provided by the University of Georgia provides information in sequence for the steps taken to perform equine castration.

 

[http://www.vet.uga.edu/LAM/teaching/mueller/lectures.htm Surgery Lectures by Dr. Mueller]This website provides slide presentations of surgery lectures presented by Dr. Mueller at the University of Georgia's College of Veterinary Medicine. Topics covered include laminitis, colic, lameness, fractures, field anesthesia, urogenital surgery, and others.

 

Veterinary Exam Resources
- For exams like NAVLE, PAVE, BCSE and CPE

[http://www.aavsb.org/ American Association of Veterinary State Boards]American Association of Veterinary State Boards (AAVSB) is the single entity that reports national licensing examination scores to the jurisdiction(s) where a veterinarian or veterinary technician desires to be licensed. AAVSB membership includes 57 jurisdictions, and AAVSB offer a variety of programs and services to assist our member boards with their mission of protecting the public.

 

[https://www.avma.org/ProfessionalDevelopment/Education/Foreign/Pages/ECFVG-BCSE-bulletin.aspx Basic and Clinical Sciences Examination - ECFVG]The Basic and Clinical Sciences Examination (BCSE) has been developed by the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) Educational Commission for Foreign Veterinary Graduates (ECFVG) as the third of four steps in assessing educational equivalency for purposes of ECFVG certification. It is designed to assess basic and clinical veterinary sciences knowledge.

 

[http://www.prometric.com/Demos/AVMA/index.htm BCSE - Prometric Online Sample Test]This tutorial and sample questions for the Basic and Clinical Sciences Examination (BCSE) represent the major domains tested on the BCSE but only a portion of its full scope. This site will also familiarize you with the computer-based testing program used during the examination given at Prometric testing centers.

 

[http://www.martindalecenter.com/Vet.html Martindale's The Virtual Veterinary Center]: This personal website has a comprehensive collection of links to websites and course and textbook content.

 

[http://www.nbvme.org/ National Board of Veterinary Medical Examiners]

The National Board of Veterinary Medical Examiners (NBVME) provides standardized examinations for use by state and provincial licensing boards as part of their licensure procedure for veterinarians. This site will give you more information about the NBVME and its activities.

 

[http://www.capcvet.org/resource-library/ Parasitology Review Quizzes for the National Boards]

This site offers 5 review quizzes for the National Board Exam is provided by the Companion Animal Parasite Council (CAPC).

 

[http://www.vetprep.com/ VetPrep] is an online, interactive study resource for veterinary licensing exams consisting of a database of more than 2000 questions, formulated to highlight primary areas of interest in veterinary medicine. They offer a practice and a test mode.

 

[http://zukureview.com/ Zuku Review]Every year, 25% of those taking the NAVLE fail. Every year, 30% of those taking the VTNE fail. But pass or fail, 100% have to prepare. What is your time worth to you? Study smarter, not harder, with the Zuku Review TM which provides practice questions and study aids for the NAVLE, BCSE, and VTNE exams.

[[Category:WikiLinks]]

WikiVet English - User contributions [en]

Pericardial Effusion

Category:Cardiovascular System - Pathology

Minnesota Vet School Links