Category:Medical Colic in the Horse - Revision history

Bara at 10:31, 6 June 2010

2010-06-06T10:31:04Z

Bara at 10:30, 6 June 2010

2010-06-06T10:30:51Z

Bara at 10:28, 6 June 2010

2010-06-06T10:28:40Z

Bara at 10:27, 6 June 2010

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Bara at 10:26, 6 June 2010

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Bara at 10:25, 6 June 2010

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Bara at 10:23, 6 June 2010

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Bara at 10:21, 6 June 2010

2010-06-06T10:21:01Z

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Bara: /* Small Intestine */

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Small Intestine

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 {{frontpage
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+|pagebody = Here are links to conditions causing colic in horses that can be managed medically.
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 [[Category:Colic in Horses]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:28, 6 June 2010
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	=====[[Left Dorsal Displacemen]]t=====		=====[[Left Dorsal Displacemen]]t=====

		+	[[Colic, Small Colon Causes]]

−	~~====Small Colon====~~
−	~~=====Pelvic masses=====~~
−	A persistent mild colic may be found when intra-pelvic masses impinge upon the gastro-intestinal tract. Most commonly these are haematomas. Peri-anal lesions, such as [[melanomas]] may also produce these signs.
−
−	~~=====Neurological deficits=====~~
−	A complete or partial paralysis of the small colon and rectum may occur with [[polyneuritis equi]], resulting in a lack of faecal expulsion, and consequent obstruction. A diagnosis is made via a neurological examination. Treatment is palliative only, although the condition can be managed for many years by manual emptying of the rectum.
	[[Category:Colic in Horses]]		[[Category:Colic in Horses]]

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-=====Left dorsal displacement=====
+=====[[Left Dorsal Displacemen]]t=====
-Left dorsal displacement, or nephrosplenic entrapment, is a frequent cause of colic, where the left dorsal and ventral colon become displaced, and then trapped by the [[spleen]] laterally, the [[kidney]] medially, and the [[nephrosplenic ligament]] ventrally.  It can be diagnosed by rectal examination.  The first line of treatment is intra-venous [[phenylephrine]] injection, which acts to contract the spleen, so helping release the trapped colon.  This is often combined with gentle exercise to encourage movement of the abdominal contents.  Circling on the left rein is considered particularly helpful, as it increases the potential space between the spleen and the body wall, allowing more room for the colon to return to its normal location.  If this fails, then general anaesthesia is needed.  Replacement of the colon is then attempted by rolling of the horse.  If this also fails then surgery is needed to correct the displacement.
 ====Small Colon====

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:26, 6 June 2010
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	[[Flatulent Colic]]		[[Flatulent Colic]]

		+	[[Impaction, Pelvic Flexure]]

−
−	~~====Large Colon====~~
−	~~=====Pelvic flexure impaction=====~~
−	A relatively common form of colic, that is often associated with a recent change in diet, management or exercise levels. Pain is moderate, and often persists despite adequate [[analgesia]], a sign more commonly associated with colic of a surgical nature. However, rectal examination provides a definitive diagnosis, with a large, doughy structure occupying much of the pelvis. Treatment involves encouraging fluid output into the large colon, to help soften the impaction, firstly by ensuring adequate hydration with intra-venous fluids, and sometimes by administration of [[sodium chloride]] and sodium sulphate orally, to create an [[osmotic]] gradient. Large volumes of water, sometimes with Magnesium Sulfate with or without liquid paraffin ([[Mineral oil]]) are also given by naso-gastric tube, to help soften the impaction and encourage its movement.

	=====Left dorsal displacement=====		=====Left dorsal displacement=====

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:25, 6 June 2010
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−	~~=====~~[[~~Grass Sickness~~]]~~=====~~	+
		+	[[Flatulent Colic]]


−	~~====Caecum====~~
−	~~=====Flatulent colic=====~~
−	Flatulent, or gas colic, occurs when caecal gases are produced faster than they can be removed by the caecum and colon, leading to a distension of the caecum. A diagnosis is strongly confirmed by a right sided abdominal distension, and [[Colic Auscultation\|auscultation]]/percussion of tympanitic sounds. Treatment involves withdrawal of fluid, and intra-venous fluid therapy. The distension can be relieved by [[trocharisation]] of the caecal head, via the right sub-lumbar fossa, which is ideally performed using ultrasound guidance.

	====Large Colon====		====Large Colon====

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 =====[[Grass Sickness]]=====
-Equine grass sickness, or equine [[dysautonomia]] causes a paralysis of the gastro-intestinal tract, by disruption of the [[autonomic nervous system]].  This leads to a pooling of ingesta throughout all parts of the gastro-intestinal tract.  The condition may occur acutely, or progress chronically over several weeks, but all cases will eventually die.  A definitive diagnosis is obtained by taking an ileal [[biopsy]], and inspecting the intrinsic [[myenteric plexus]].  There is no effective treatment, although in the short to medium term, horses can be successfully managed by informed and attentive owners.
 ====Caecum====

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:21, 6 June 2010
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		+	{{frontpage
		+	\|pagetitle =Medical Colic in the Horse
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		+	\|contenttitle =Content
		+	\|contentbody =<big><b>
		+	<br><br>
		+	<categorytree mode=pages>Medical Colic in the Horse</categorytree>
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		+	</b></big>
		+	\|logo =
		+	}}
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	[[Impaction, Colonic - Horse]]		[[Impaction, Colonic - Horse]]

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 [[Impaction, Colonic - Horse]]
 ====Small Intestine====
 =====[[Spasmodic Colic]]=====

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 A [[malignant]] [[squamous]] [[carcinoma]] can effect the [[cardia]] and upper squamous regions of the stomach, resulting in a persistent mild colic, commonly seen soon after feeding.  Weight loss and general ill health are usually seen, and the prognosis is very poor, due to the high risk of [[metastasis]].
 ====Small Intestine====
-=====Spasmodic colic=====
+=====[[Spasmodic Colic]]=====
 Spasmodic colic accounts for a large proportion of colic cases seen in first-opinion practice, however, little is known about its causes.  It generally produces a mild colic, due to increased [[peristaltis|peristaltic]] activity in the gastro-intestinal tract.  Cases are usually easily resolved by treating with a [[spasmolytic]] such as [[Buscopan]], and a mild [[analgesic]] such as [[phenylbutazone]].
-=====[[Grass sickness]]=====
+=====[[Grass Sickness]]=====
 Equine grass sickness, or equine [[dysautonomia]] causes a paralysis of the gastro-intestinal tract, by disruption of the [[autonomic nervous system]].  This leads to a pooling of ingesta throughout all parts of the gastro-intestinal tract.  The condition may occur acutely, or progress chronically over several weeks, but all cases will eventually die.  A definitive diagnosis is obtained by taking an ileal [[biopsy]], and inspecting the intrinsic [[myenteric plexus]].  There is no effective treatment, although in the short to medium term, horses can be successfully managed by informed and attentive owners.