Cavity & Gingiva - Pathology - Revision history

Bara: Redirected page to Category:Oral Cavity and Gingiva - Pathology

2010-05-24T13:50:21Z

Redirected page to Category:Oral Cavity and Gingiva - Pathology

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Bara at 13:46, 24 May 2010

2010-05-24T13:46:49Z

Bara at 13:46, 24 May 2010

2010-05-24T13:46:14Z

Bara at 10:57, 17 May 2010

2010-05-17T10:57:58Z

A.allison: Text replace - 'Neutrophils' to 'Neutrophils'

2010-02-24T20:59:20Z

Text replace - 'Neutrophils' to 'Neutrophils'

Bepocock: /* Orf */

2008-10-30T17:42:53Z

Orf

Bepocock: /* Foot and Mouth disease */

2008-10-29T19:38:04Z

Foot and Mouth disease

Bepocock: /* Malignant Catarrhal Fever */

2008-10-29T19:25:13Z

Malignant Catarrhal Fever

Bepocock: /* Swine Vesicular Disease */

2008-10-29T19:24:39Z

Swine Vesicular Disease

Bepocock: /* Bovine Viral Diarrhoea / Mucosal disease */

2008-10-29T19:23:07Z

Bovine Viral Diarrhoea / Mucosal disease

@@ Line 9: / Line 9: @@
 *Pharyngitis - pharynx inflammation.
-==[[Category:Oral Cavity - Developmental Pathology]]==
+==[[:Category:Oral Cavity - Developmental Pathology]]==
 ===[[Cleft Palate]]===

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{review}}
-{{toplink
 ==Introduction==
 *Stomatitis - generalised inflammation throughout mouth.
@@ Line 16: / Line 9: @@
 *Pharyngitis - pharynx inflammation.
-==Functional Anatomy==
+==[[Category:Oral Cavity - Developmental Pathology]]==
-==Defence Mechanisms==
+===[[Cleft Palate]]===
 ==Erosive & Ulcerative Pathology==

@@ Line 96: / Line 96: @@
 ===Pathogenesis===
 *May be caused by:
-**Low grade [[Streptococci|streptococcal]] infection
+**Low grade [[:Category:Streptococcus species|streptococcal]] infection
 **Ingestion of toxins
 **Result of other more systemic diseases

@@ Line 32: / Line 32: @@
 ===[[Bovine Virus Diarrhoea Virus]]===
 *'''Mucosal Disease''': erosive condition produces small multiple, cleanly punched out lesion in mouth
-*Neutrophils invade the ulcer and if bacterial colonisation occurs, further excavation follows. Either:
+*[[Neutrophils - WikiBlood|Neutrophils]] invade the ulcer and if bacterial colonisation occurs, further excavation follows. Either:
 ::#This lesion develops a granular base and becomes diphtheritic.
 ::#If bacterial colonisation does not take place, healing occurs within fourteen days.

@@ Line 138: / Line 138: @@
 ===Papular===
 ====Orf====
-*[[Parapox virus]] infection.
+*[[Poxviridae|Pox]] infection
-*Quite a common '''zoonotic''' disease.
+*Quite a common '''zoonotic''' disease
 =====Clinical=====
-*In sheep produces a proliferative nodule/papular mass on [[Lips - Anatomy & Physiology|lips]].
+*In sheep produces a proliferative nodule/papular mass on [[Lips - Anatomy & Physiology|lips]]
-*In flocks in which it is endemic it is seen in lamb.
+*In flocks in which it is endemic it is seen in lamb
-*If flock is non-immune seen in ewes too but much worse in lambs (may spread to inside of mouth).
+*If flock is non-immune seen in ewes too but much worse in lambs (may spread to inside of mouth)
-*Can spread to udder of ewe.
+*Can spread to udder of ewe
 =====Pathology=====
-*Poxvirus infections produce local infection of [[prickle cells]] in epithelium with proliferation of cells and formation of papule followed by ulceration / necrosis and covered by necrotic epithelium.
+*Poxvirus infections produce local infection of [[prickle cells]] in epithelium with proliferation of cells and formation of papule followed by ulceration / necrosis and covered by necrotic epithelium
-*Eventually scabs form and crust drops off.
+*Eventually scabs form and crust drops off
-*Scabs - very infectious ( N.B.if touch -> catch it).
+*Scabs - very infectious ( N.B.if touch -> catch it)
 ====Bovine Papular stomatitis====

@@ Line 60: / Line 60: @@
 N.B. All are indistinguishable from FMD clinically.
-===[[picornaviridae#Foot and Mouth Disease Virus|Foot and Mouth disease]]===
+===[[Foot and Mouth Disease (FMDV)]]===
 ====Pathology====
 =====Gross=====
-#Initially - hyperaemia of mucosa (e.g. catarrhal inflammation) then within 12 hours produces fluid filled vesicles on dorsum of [[Oral Cavity - Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]], may be other places.
+#Initially - hyperaemia of mucosa (e.g. catarrhal inflammation) then within 12 hours produces fluid filled vesicles on dorsum of [[Oral Cavity - Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]], may be other places
-#Small vesicle coalesce to produce big ones -i.e. Bullae.
+#Small vesicle coalesce to produce big ones -i.e. Bullae
-#Very quickly rupture; epithelium appears dirty grey in colour because of necrosis - sloughed skin, very good for diagnosis.
+#Very quickly rupture; epithelium appears dirty grey in colour because of necrosis - sloughed skin, very good for diagnosis
-#Leave painful, hyperaemic epithelium.
+#Leave painful, hyperaemic epithelium
-#Looks like "ulcer "with ragged edge but not a true ulcer as stratum germinativum retained and will rapidly heal completely in about 2 weeks unless becomes secondarily infected.
+#Looks like "ulcer "with ragged edge but not a true ulcer as stratum germinativum retained and will rapidly heal completely in about 2 weeks unless becomes secondarily infected
 =====Microscopic lesions=====
-*Degeneration of prickle cells.
+*Degeneration of prickle cells
-*Cells "balloon" as fill with fluid and then die to produce vesicle containing straw coloured or clear fluid.
+*Cells "balloon" as fill with fluid and then die to produce vesicle containing straw coloured or clear fluid
 ===[[Swine Vesicular Disease]]===

@@ Line 43: / Line 43: @@
 *Epithelium does not recover as animal does not recover
-===[[Malignant Catarrhal Fever]]===
+===[[Malignant Catarrhal Fever Virus]]===
 ==Vesicular Pathology==

@@ Line 120: / Line 120: @@
 *In foot and mouth disease usually use ELISA to provide quick diagnosis - especially if have vesicular fluid.
-===[[Picornaviridae#Swine Vesicular Disease Virus|Swine Vesicular Disease]]===
+===[[Swine Vesicular Disease]]===
-*Caused by [[Picornaviridae#Swine Vesicular Disease Virus|Swine Vesicular Disease Virus]].
+*May produce vesicles in mouth that are indistinguishable from foot and mouth disease
 *Swine vesicular disease produces sporadic large outbreaks
-**Approximately 5% have lesions in mouth, foot lesions much more common.
+**Approximately 5% have lesions in mouth, foot lesions much more common
 ===Vesicles in dogs===

@@ Line 30: / Line 30: @@
 ==Erosive & Ulcerative Pathology==
 *"True ulcer" occurs when connective tissue under epithelium is exposed i.e. stratum germinativum is breached and then lesion takes much longer to heal.
-===[[Flaviviridae#Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus|Bovine Viral Diarrhoea / Mucosal disease]]===
+===[[Bovine Virus Diarrhoea Virus]]===
-[[Image:BVD-MD.gif|right|thumb|125px|<small><center>Small erosions of MDV/BVDV - vesicles are microscopic (Courtesy of Alun Williams (RVC))</center></small>]]
+*'''Mucosal Disease''': erosive condition produces small multiple, cleanly punched out lesion in mouth
 *Neutrophils invade the ulcer and if bacterial colonisation occurs, further excavation follows. Either:
 ::#This lesion develops a granular base and becomes diphtheritic.
 ::#If bacterial colonisation does not take place, healing occurs within fourteen days.
-*Seen in most parts of mouth (or maybe on muzzle) e.g. dental pad, [[Cheeks - Anatomy & Physiology|cheeks]], sides of [[Oral Cavity - Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]].
+*Seen in most parts of mouth (or maybe on muzzle) e.g. dental pad, [[Cheeks - Anatomy & Physiology|cheeks]], sides of [[Oral Cavity - Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]]
-*Lesions extend throughout gut with particularly big ulcers in small intestine over [[Peyer's Patches - Anatomy & Physiology|Peyers patches]]. Necrosis occurs in lymph nodes and [[Spleen - Anatomy & Physiology|spleen]].
+*Lesions extend throughout gut with particularly big ulcers in small intestine over [[Peyer's Patches - Anatomy & Physiology|Peyers patches]]. Necrosis occurs in lymph nodes and [[Spleen - Anatomy & Physiology|spleen]]
 ====<span id="BVDHistology">Histology</span>====
-*No vesicular stage, [[prickle cell]]s die off from surface resulting in layer of necrotic debris over epithelial layer.
+*No vesicular stage, prickle cells die off from surface resulting in layer of necrotic debris over epithelial layer
 *Infection penetrates inward through stratum germinativum.
-*Epithelium does not recover as animal does not recover.
+*Epithelium does not recover as animal does not recover
 ===[[Malignant Catarrhal Fever]]===