Eosinophils - Revision history

Rjfrancisrvc: /* Actions */

2012-05-23T08:55:13Z

Actions

Rjfrancisrvc: /* Actions */

2012-05-23T08:54:55Z

Actions

Rjfrancisrvc: /* Actions */

2012-05-11T15:17:15Z

Actions

Rjfrancisrvc: /* Anti-parasitic */

2012-05-02T11:34:12Z

Anti-parasitic

Bara at 21:48, 18 June 2011

2011-06-18T21:48:06Z

Tianchee: /* Anti-parasitic */

2011-06-18T18:36:55Z

Anti-parasitic

Tianchee: /* Introduction */

2011-06-18T18:36:33Z

Introduction

Kate English at 12:59, 16 February 2011

2011-02-16T12:59:34Z

Kate English at 12:58, 16 February 2011

2011-02-16T12:58:44Z

Kate English at 12:50, 16 February 2011

2011-02-16T12:50:44Z

@@ Line 22: / Line 22: @@
 Eosinophils are involved in [[Type I Hypersensitivity|type I hypersensitivity]] reactions.
-In an infection or allergic reaction, eosinophil numbers are increased by the release of [[Leukopoiesis#Eosinophils|Il-3, Il-5 and GM-CSF]] by T<sub>H</sub>2 and [[Mast Cells|mast cells]]. This causes more eosinophils to be released into the blood stream. The eosinophils are then attracted to the required site of action by chemicals known as eotaxins which are released by mast cells. Histamine and its breakdown products also act as attractants. These same products activate the eosinophil increasing its affinity to bind to [[IgE]].
+In an infection or allergic reaction, eosinophil numbers are increased by the release of [[Leukopoiesis#Eosinophils|IL-3, IL-5 and GM-CSF]] by T<sub>H</sub>2 and [[Mast Cells|mast cells]]. This causes more eosinophils to be released into the blood stream. The eosinophils are then attracted to the required site of action by chemicals known as eotaxins which are released by mast cells. Histamine and its breakdown products also act as attractants. These same products activate the eosinophil increasing its affinity to bind to [[IgE]].
 Large numbers of eosinophils in a tissue give the tissue a greenish colour.

@@ Line 22: / Line 22: @@
 Eosinophils are involved in [[Type I Hypersensitivity|type I hypersensitivity]] reactions.
-In an infection or allergic reaction, eosinophil numbers are increased by the release of [[Leukopoiesis#Eosinophils|Il-3, Il-5 and GM-CSF]] by TH<sub>2</sub> and [[Mast Cells|mast cells]]. This causes more eosinophils to be released into the blood stream. The eosinophils are then attracted to the required site of action by chemicals known as eotaxins which are released by mast cells. Histamine and its breakdown products also act as attractants. These same products activate the eosinophil increasing its affinity to bind to [[IgE]].
+In an infection or allergic reaction, eosinophil numbers are increased by the release of [[Leukopoiesis#Eosinophils|Il-3, Il-5 and GM-CSF]] by T<sub>H</sub>2 and [[Mast Cells|mast cells]]. This causes more eosinophils to be released into the blood stream. The eosinophils are then attracted to the required site of action by chemicals known as eotaxins which are released by mast cells. Histamine and its breakdown products also act as attractants. These same products activate the eosinophil increasing its affinity to bind to [[IgE]].
 Large numbers of eosinophils in a tissue give the tissue a greenish colour.

@@ Line 22: / Line 22: @@
 Eosinophils are involved in [[Type I Hypersensitivity|type I hypersensitivity]] reactions.
-In an infection or allergic reaction, eosinophil numbers are increased by the release of [[Leukopoiesis#Eosinophils|Il-3, Il-5 and GM-CSF]] by Th2 and [[Mast Cells|mast cells]]. This causes more eosinophils to be released into the blood stream. The eosinophils are then attracted to the required site of action by chemicals known as eotaxins which are released by mast cells. Histamine and its breakdown products also act as attractants. These same products activate the eosinophil increasing its affinity to bind to [[IgE]].
+In an infection or allergic reaction, eosinophil numbers are increased by the release of [[Leukopoiesis#Eosinophils|Il-3, Il-5 and GM-CSF]] by TH<sub>2</sub> and [[Mast Cells|mast cells]]. This causes more eosinophils to be released into the blood stream. The eosinophils are then attracted to the required site of action by chemicals known as eotaxins which are released by mast cells. Histamine and its breakdown products also act as attractants. These same products activate the eosinophil increasing its affinity to bind to [[IgE]].
 Large numbers of eosinophils in a tissue give the tissue a greenish colour.

@@ Line 28: / Line 28: @@
 === Anti-parasitic ===
-FC receptors on eosinophils allow them bind to [[Parasites|parasites]] coated in antibodies and once bound they degranulate. The specific granules release EDN which interferes with the parasitic nervous system while MBP, ECP and EPO (EPO dissolves the carbohydrate coat of the parasite) all have anthelmintic and anti-[[Protozoa|protozoal]] actions. These proteins act as stimulants to mast cells causing them to release histamine and thus attracting more eosinophils. However, they also damage the animal’s tissue as well as the [[Parasites|parasites]].
+Fc receptors on eosinophils allow them bind to [[Parasites|parasites]] coated in antibodies and once bound they degranulate. The specific granules release EDN which interferes with the parasitic nervous system while MBP, ECP and EPO (EPO dissolves the carbohydrate coat of the parasite) all have anthelmintic and anti-[[Protozoa|protozoal]] actions. These proteins act as stimulants to mast cells causing them to release histamine and thus attracting more eosinophils. However, they also damage the animal’s tissue as well as the [[Parasites|parasites]].
 === Allergic ===

@@ Line 28: / Line 28: @@
 === Anti-parasitic ===
-FC receptors on eosinophils allow them bind to [[Parasites|parasites]] coated in antibodies and once bound they degranulate. The specific granules release EDN which interferes with the parasitic nervous system while MBP, ECP and EPO (EPO dissolves the carbohydrate coat of the parasite) all have antihelmintic and anti-[[Protozoa|protozoal]] actions. These proteins act as stimulants to mast cells causing them to release histamine and thus attracting more eosinophils. However, they also damage the animal’s tissue as well as the [[Parasites|parasites]].
+FC receptors on eosinophils allow them bind to [[Parasites|parasites]] coated in antibodies and once bound they degranulate. The specific granules release EDN which interferes with the parasitic nervous system while MBP, ECP and EPO (EPO dissolves the carbohydrate coat of the parasite) all have anthelmintic and anti-[[Protozoa|protozoal]] actions. These proteins act as stimulants to mast cells causing them to release histamine and thus attracting more eosinophils. However, they also damage the animal’s tissue as well as the [[Parasites|parasites]].
 === Allergic ===

@@ Line 5: / Line 5: @@
 Eosinophils are a similar size to [[Neutrophils|neutrophils]], have a bilobed nucleus and are characterised by the large eosinophilic granules present in their cytoplasm. Produced in the [[Bone Marrow - Anatomy & Physiology|bone marrow]] they migrate into circulation briefly before moving into tissue where they survive for around six hours. The proportion of eosinophils circulating depends on the state of the animal. Normally numbers are very low but will rise considerably during a parasitic infection or allergic reaction.
-Eosinophils are mainly located in connective tissue associated with routes into the animal i.e. the respiratory, alimentary, and urogential systems. They play key roles in reacting to [[Parasites|parasites]] and allergens but have limited phagocytic ability and therefore play no role in bacterial infections.
+Eosinophils are mainly located in connective tissue associated with routes into the animal i.e. the respiratory, alimentary, and urogenital systems. They play key roles in reacting to [[Parasites|parasites]] and allergens but have limited phagocytic ability and therefore play no role in bacterial infections.
 == Development ==

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-[[Image:LH Eosinophil Histology.jpg|right|thumb|150px|<p>'''Eosinophil'''</p><sup>©RVC 2008</sup>]]
+[[Image:LH Eosinophil Histology.jpg|thumb|right|150px|<p><b>Eosinophil</b></p><sup>©RVC 2008</sup>]]
-==Development==
+== Introduction ==
-<p>The eosinophil is a [[Blood Cells - Overview|granulocyte]] and has a similar development to the other granulocytes; this process is called [[Leukopoiesis#Granulopoiesis|granulopoiesis]]. Eosinophils differ morphologically in the size and density of the cytoplasmic granules between different animal species; the granules are more prominent in the pig and the horse.</p>
 *Azurophilic granules which are present in all granulocytes and contain acid hydrolases and other enzymes.
 *Specific granules contain four major proteins: Major basic protein (MBP) found in the crystalloid bodies, and then eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), eosinophil peroxidise (EPO) and eosinophil derived neurotoxin (EDN) which are all found in the granule matrix. Substances such as histaminases, cathepsins (proteases) and collagenases are also present.
-==Actions==
+== Actions ==
-<p>Eosinophils are involved in [[Type I Hypersensitivity|type I hypersensitivity]] reactions.</p>
-<p>In an infection or allergic reaction, eosinophil numbers are increased by the release of [[Leukopoiesis#Eosinophils|Il-3, Il-5 and GM-CSF]] by Th2 and [[Mast Cells|mast cells]]. This causes more eosinophils to be released into the blood stream. The eosinophils are then attracted to the required site of action by chemicals known as eotaxins which are released by mast cells. Histamine and its breakdown products also act as attractants. These same products activate the eosinophil increasing its affinity to bind to [[IgE]].</p>
+Eosinophils are involved in [[Type I Hypersensitivity|type I hypersensitivity]] reactions.
-<p>Large numbers of eosinophils in a tissue give the tissue a greenish colour.</p>
-===Anti-parasitic===
+In an infection or allergic reaction, eosinophil numbers are increased by the release of [[Leukopoiesis#Eosinophils|Il-3, Il-5 and GM-CSF]] by Th2 and [[Mast Cells|mast cells]]. This causes more eosinophils to be released into the blood stream. The eosinophils are then attracted to the required site of action by chemicals known as eotaxins which are released by mast cells. Histamine and its breakdown products also act as attractants. These same products activate the eosinophil increasing its affinity to bind to [[IgE]].
-<p>FC receptors on eosinophils allow them bind to [[Parasites|parasites]] coated in antibodies and once bound they degranulate. The specific granules release EDN which interferes with the parasitic nervous system while MBP, ECP and EPO (EPO dissolves the carbohydrate coat of the parasite) all have anthelmintic and anti-[[Protozoa|protozoal]] actions.  These proteins act as stimulants to mast cells causing them to release histamine and thus attracting more eosinophils. However, they also damage the animal’s tissue as well as the [[Parasites|parasites]].</p>
-===Allergic===
+*See anti-parastic and allergic sections above
-<p>Histaminases in the specific granules breaks down histamine produced by mast cells while arylsulfatase breaks down leukotrienes. The products of these breakdowns further attracts more eosinophils.</p>
+*Classically a cell involved in [[Acute Inflammation|acute inflammation]]
-===In pathology===
+*Can be quite numerous in mast cell tumours of the skin of the dog
 *[[Eosinophilia|Eosinophilia]]/[[Eosinopenia|Eosinopenia]]
 <br>
-[[Category:Blood_Cells]] [[Category:Kate English reviewed]]
+<br>