Equine Recurrent Uveitis - Revision history

Bara at 17:44, 31 July 2012

2012-07-31T17:44:38Z

Bara: /* Introduction */

2011-08-22T17:15:01Z

Introduction

Bara at 17:14, 22 August 2011

2011-08-22T17:14:12Z

HelenD at 14:56, 1 August 2011

2011-08-01T14:56:08Z

HelenD: /* References */

2011-08-01T14:45:55Z

References

HelenD at 10:08, 19 July 2011

2011-07-19T10:08:16Z

HelenD: Created page with "Also known as: '''''Periodic ophthalmia — Moon blindness — iridocyclitis — Equine uveitis''''' ==Introduction== Equine Recurrent Uveitis is a syndrome that is one of the m..."

2011-07-11T10:54:21Z

Created page with "Also known as: '''''Periodic ophthalmia — Moon blindness — iridocyclitis — Equine uveitis''''' ==Introduction== Equine Recurrent Uveitis is a syndrome that is one of the m..."

New page

Also known as: '''''Periodic ophthalmia — Moon blindness — iridocyclitis — Equine uveitis'''''

==Introduction==
Equine Recurrent Uveitis is a syndrome that is one of the most common ocular diseases in horses characterised by episodes of '''active inflammation followed by varying periods of quiescence'''. The inflammatory events lead to secondary changes and it is the most common cause of '''blindness''' in horses.

It is an '''immune-mediated disease''' with many potential initiating causes. Damage to the uveal tract may be initiated by '''trauma or systemic disease'''.

Conditions and agents which have been implicated include '''leptospirosis''', brucella, strangles, '''Equine Influenza'''. ''Leptospira spp'' have been the most commonly investigated however their relationship with the disease remains obscure.

==Clinical signs==
'''Acute signs''' of active inflammation include: blepharospasm, epiphora, episcleral injection, '''corneal edema''', aqueous flare, fibrin clots in the anterior chamber and miosis.

'''Posterior uveitis''' may involve retinal separation, haemorrhage and a hazy appearance to the vitreous body.

'''Chronic secondary side effects''' result, including: corneal scarring, iridal fibrosis, blunting of the corpora nigra, posterior synechiae, glaucoma, cataracts and '''retinal degeneration'''.

==Diagnosis==
The '''recurrent history and the typical clinical signs''' are required to make a diagnosis of Equine Recurrent Uveitis. It is important to differentiate between other causes of ocular inflammation such as herpesvirus infection or immune-mediated keratitis.

An attempt should always be made to establish the '''underlying cause''' of the disease.

Signs of systemic disease should be sought and haematology and biochemistry might be useful.

Serological testing for ''Leptospira'' spp has also been advocated.

==Treatment==
The goals of therapy are to preserve vision and reduce and control ocular inflammation to minimise permanent damage to the eye.

Often a definitive cause cannot be found and so '''symptomatic therapy''' is indicated.

'''Aggressive topical and systemic anti-inflammatory therapy''' should be initiated, with drugs such as '''prednisolone or dexamethasone'''.
'''Atropine''' eye drops can be used to reduce pain and the formation of synechiae.

'''Flunixin''' is administered systemically and systemic steroids have also been used successfully although care should be taken in the detection of laminitis which can follow treatment.

Initial treatment should be continued for '''at least 2 weeks and tapered over a further 2 weeks''' after clinical signs resolve.

'''Surgical procedures''' have been developed including core vitrectomy which has a variable outcome.

A '''cyclosporin drug-delivery device''' placed underneath a scleral flap adjacent to the ciliary body is currently being developed and shows promising results.

==Prognosis==
In general, the prognosis for saving vision in horses with Equine Recurrent Uveitis is '''good''', provided owners are diligent in their observation for signs of disease and allow early and aggressive therapy.

In some horses, the severity and frequency of the bouts of inflammation increase, and surgery might be an option to consider.

==References==
Kahn, C. (2005) '''Merck Veterinary Manual''' 9th Edition ''Merck & Co''

Robinson, N. (2009) '''Current therapy in equine medicine''' ''Elsevier Health Sciences''

[[Category:To Do - Helen]]
[[Category:To DO - Review]]

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 Also known as: '''''Periodic Ophthalmia — Moon Blindness — Iridocyclitis — Equine Uveitis'''''
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 {{review}}
 [[Category:Neurological Diseases - Horse]]
 [[Category:Expert Review - Horse]]

@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 It is an '''immune-mediated disease''' with many potential initiating causes. Damage to the uveal tract may be initiated by '''trauma or systemic disease'''.
-Conditions and agents which have been implicated include '''[[leptospirosis]]''', [[:Category:Brucella species|''Brucella'']], [[strangles]], '''[[Equine Influenza]]'''. ''[[Leptospira]]'' spp. have been the most commonly investigated however their relationship with the disease remains obscure.
+Conditions and agents which have been implicated include '''[[Leptospirosis - Horses|leptospirosis]]''', [[:Category:Brucella species|''Brucella'']], [[strangles]], '''[[Equine Influenza]]'''. ''[[Leptospira]]'' spp. have been the most commonly investigated however their relationship with the disease remains obscure.
 ==Clinical Signs==

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 In some horses, the severity and frequency of the bouts of inflammation increase, and surgery might be an option to consider.
 {{Learning
 |flashcards = [[Equine Internal Medicine Q&A 14]]
 }}
 Kahn, C. (2005) '''Merck Veterinary Manual''' 9th Edition ''Merck & Co''

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:45, 1 August 2011
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	==References==		==References==
		+	{{Learning
		+	\|flashcards = [[Equine Internal Medicine Q&A 14]]
		+	}}
		+
	Kahn, C. (2005) '''Merck Veterinary Manual''' 9th Edition ''Merck & Co''		Kahn, C. (2005) '''Merck Veterinary Manual''' 9th Edition ''Merck & Co''

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:08, 19 July 2011
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	[[Category:To Do - Helen]]		[[Category:To Do - Helen]]
−	[[Category:To DO - Review]]	+	[[Category:To Do - Review]]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-Also known as: '''''Periodic ophthalmia — Moon blindness — iridocyclitis — Equine uveitis'''''
+Also known as: '''''Periodic Ophthalmia — Moon Blindness — Iridocyclitis — Equine Uveitis'''''
 ==Introduction==
@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 It is an '''immune-mediated disease''' with many potential initiating causes. Damage to the uveal tract may be initiated by '''trauma or systemic disease'''.
-Conditions and agents which have been implicated include '''leptospirosis''', brucella, strangles, '''Equine Influenza'''. ''Leptospira spp'' have been the most commonly investigated however their relationship with the disease remains obscure.
+Conditions and agents which have been implicated include '''[[leptospirosis]]''', [[:Category:Brucella species|''Brucella'']], [[strangles]], '''[[Equine Influenza]]'''. ''[[Leptospira]]'' spp. have been the most commonly investigated however their relationship with the disease remains obscure.
-==Clinical signs==
+==Clinical Signs==
 '''Acute signs''' of active inflammation include: blepharospasm, epiphora, episcleral injection, '''corneal edema''', aqueous flare, fibrin clots in the anterior chamber and miosis.
@@ Line 16: / Line 16: @@
 ==Diagnosis==
-The '''recurrent history and the typical clinical signs''' are required to make a diagnosis of Equine Recurrent Uveitis. It is important to differentiate between other causes of ocular inflammation such as herpesvirus infection or immune-mediated keratitis.
+The '''recurrent history and the typical clinical signs''' are required to make a diagnosis of Equine Recurrent Uveitis. It is important to differentiate between other causes of ocular inflammation such as [[:Category:Herpesviridae|herpesvirus]] infection or immune-mediated keratitis.
 An attempt should always be made to establish the '''underlying cause''' of the disease.
@@ Line 32: / Line 32: @@
 '''Atropine''' eye drops can be used to reduce pain and the formation of synechiae.
-'''Flunixin''' is administered systemically and systemic steroids have also been used successfully although care should be taken in the detection of laminitis which can follow treatment.
+'''Flunixin''' is administered systemically and systemic steroids have also been used successfully although care should be taken in the detection of [[Laminitis - Horse|laminitis]] which can follow treatment.
 Initial treatment should be continued for '''at least 2 weeks and tapered over a further 2 weeks''' after clinical signs resolve.
@@ Line 55: / Line 55: @@
 Robinson, N. (2009) '''Current therapy in equine medicine''' ''Elsevier Health Sciences''
-[[Category:To Do - Helen]]
-[[Category:To Do - Review]]
+{{review}}