Factoid - Bovine Tuberculosis - Revision history

Nshort at 17:14, 1 July 2013

2013-07-01T17:14:11Z

Nshort at 17:13, 1 July 2013

2013-07-01T17:13:20Z

Nshort at 17:06, 1 July 2013

2013-07-01T17:06:41Z

Nshort at 17:03, 1 July 2013

2013-07-01T17:03:28Z

Nshort at 17:01, 1 July 2013

2013-07-01T17:01:20Z

Bara at 15:23, 1 July 2013

2013-07-01T15:23:48Z

Bara at 15:03, 1 July 2013

2013-07-01T15:03:43Z

Bara: Created page with "'''Key diagnostic tags'''
TB, Chronic, Respiratory, Zoonosis Risk to human health: HIGH ..."

2013-07-01T15:02:18Z

Created page with "'''Key diagnostic tags''' TB, Chronic, Respiratory, Zoonosis <big>Risk to human health: HIGH </big> ..."

New page

'''Key diagnostic tags''' 
TB, Chronic, Respiratory, Zoonosis

<big>Risk to human health: HIGH </big>

===Overview===

Bovine Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic bacterial disease of humans and animals, and is present in many species of animal including cattle, pigs and sheep. The disease is mainly spread between animals via inhalation or respiratory fluids, and the disease causes the formation of multiple masses called tubercles, particularly in the lung and lymph nodes. Many other organs can be affected by the tubercles, which are usually dry and firm, and have a tough fibrous capsule containing a soft, thick, pus like fluid inside. Tubercles can range in size from being too small to see without a microscope, to involving a large part of an organ. Link to pictures

'''Humans''' - Bovine TB represents a serious risk to public health, particularly farm and slaughterhouse workers. Most human infections are from drinking contaminated unpasteurised milk. AIDS/HIV patients are at particular risk from bovine TB. Link 

===Signs===

The disease is a slow process, so initially there may be no visible signs in affected cattle. Clinical signs can develop when the disease is more advanced, and can include coughing, wasting, enlarged lymph nodes, weakness, difficulty breathing, and loss of appetite.

'''Humans''' - It can be years after infection when signs appear and can include lymph node enlargement in the neck, intestinal disease, or long term skin lesions. Humans can also acquire the disease from the spray of coughing infected cattle and can develop lung disease as a result. There are also other forms of TB which humans can acquire other than Bovine TB. Link 

===Diagnosis===

The primary method of diagnosis is the Delayed hypersensitivity test, which involves the injection of tuberculin into the skin of the animal. Swelling in the skin in response to this injection 72hours later indicates a potentially infected animal (this can be used in conjunction with an avian TB injection known as a comparative test). A blood test (gamma interferon assay) can also be used to aid diagnosis. After death, the presence of tubercles can be diagnostic but care should be taken as there is a potential for human infection. Further information

'''Humans''' - There are a range of tests available including the use of imaging machines to demonstrate the presence of clinical disease, as well as blood tests (Mantoux test, and the gamma interferon assay) for disease that has not yet become clinical. If the patient has had a BCG vaccine the Mantoux test may show a mild positive and does not mean the patient has TB. Further information 

===Treatment and prevention===

The treatment of Tuberculosis in animals is not recommended as it is infectious to other animals and would take a long time to treat. Control of the disease should be based on testing potentially infected animals and slaughtering those that show a positive result. Control in a group of animals can be difficult and take a long time to achieve; especially if other cattle in the herd are being exposed to the disease from other sources (i.e. test and slaughter will have little impact if the herd is being frequently mixed with potentially infected animals.)

Prevention is aimed at preventing the herd having contact with other infected animals (i.e. infected cattle from other herds, or infected wildlife)

'''Humans''' - Extremely long courses of antibiotics (including combinations of isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol for up to 6-12months) are used in cases of both lung TB and TB affecting other organs. Patients with HIV/AIDS that have non-clinical infection should also seek treatment. Further information 

===Diseases with similar signs===

Any long term respiratory disease (i.e. pneumonia)

Any wasting or chronic disease (i.e. Johnes disease)

===Geotag this disease ===
Tag here to let others know you suspect a case of this disease.

[[Category:Factoids]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:14, 1 July 2013
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	==Further Information==		==Further Information==

−	~~[[Human Avian Influenza\|Human Disease]~~

	==Geotag==		==Geotag==

@@ Line 22: / Line 22: @@
 <font color="red">'''Humans''' - There are a range of tests available including the use of imaging machines to demonstrate the presence of clinical disease, as well as blood tests (Mantoux test, and the gamma interferon assay) for disease that has not yet become clinical. If the patient has had a BCG vaccine the Mantoux test may show a mild positive and does not mean the patient has TB.  Further information </font color>
-==Treatment and prevention==
+==Treatment and Prevention==
 The treatment of Tuberculosis in animals is not recommended as it is infectious to other animals and would take a long time to treat. Control of the disease should be based on testing potentially infected animals and slaughtering those that show a positive result. Control in a group of animals can be difficult and take a long time to achieve; especially if other cattle in the herd are being exposed to the disease from other sources (i.e. test and slaughter will have little impact if the herd is being frequently mixed with potentially infected animals.)
@@ Line 35: / Line 35: @@
 Any wasting or chronic disease (i.e. Johnes disease)
 ==Geotag==
 Tag here to let others know you suspect a case of this disease.

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:01, 1 July 2013
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−	~~[[Image:Wikivet Factoid 1.png\|right\|150px]]~~
	'''Key diagnostic tags'''<br>		'''Key diagnostic tags'''<br>
	<font color="blue">TB, Chronic, Respiratory, Zoonosis</font color>		<font color="blue">TB, Chronic, Respiratory, Zoonosis</font color>

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:23, 1 July 2013
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		+	[[Image:Wikivet Factoid 1.png\|right\|150px]]
	'''Key diagnostic tags'''<br>		'''Key diagnostic tags'''<br>
	<font color="blue">TB, Chronic, Respiratory, Zoonosis</font color>		<font color="blue">TB, Chronic, Respiratory, Zoonosis</font color>

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 ===Overview===
-Bovine Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic bacterial disease of humans and animals, and is present in many species of animal including cattle, pigs and sheep. The disease is mainly spread between animals via inhalation or respiratory fluids, and the disease causes the formation of multiple masses called tubercles, particularly in the lung and lymph nodes. Many other organs can be affected by the tubercles, which are usually dry and firm, and have a tough fibrous capsule containing a soft, thick, pus like fluid inside. Tubercles can range in size from being too small to see without a microscope, to involving a large part of an organ.  Link to pictures
+[[Mycobacterium bovis|Bovine Tuberculosis (TB)]] is a chronic bacterial disease of humans and animals, and is present in many species of animal including cattle, pigs and sheep. The disease is mainly spread between animals via inhalation or respiratory fluids, and the disease causes the formation of multiple masses called tubercles, particularly in the lung and lymph nodes. Many other organs can be affected by the tubercles, which are usually dry and firm, and have a tough fibrous capsule containing a soft, thick, pus like fluid inside. Tubercles can range in size from being too small to see without a microscope, to involving a large part of an organ.  Link to pictures
 <font color="red">'''Humans''' - Bovine TB represents a serious risk to public health, particularly farm and slaughterhouse workers. Most human infections are from drinking contaminated unpasteurised milk. AIDS/HIV patients are at particular risk from bovine TB. Link </font color>

@@ Line 30: / Line 30: @@
 <font color="red">'''Humans''' - Extremely long courses of antibiotics (including combinations of isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol for up to 6-12months) are used in cases of both lung TB and TB affecting other organs. Patients with HIV/AIDS that have non-clinical infection should also seek treatment. Further information </font color>
-==Diseases with similar signs==
+==Similar Diseases ==
 Any long term respiratory disease (i.e. pneumonia)
@@ Line 36: / Line 36: @@
 Any wasting or chronic disease (i.e. Johnes disease)
-==Geotag this disease ==
+==Geotag==
 Tag here to let others know you suspect a case of this disease.