Fish Louse - Revision history

Bara at 14:06, 25 September 2012

2012-09-25T14:06:31Z

Bara at 17:08, 28 November 2011

2011-11-28T17:08:53Z

Lwyasm1: /* References */

2011-11-22T13:36:45Z

References

Lwyasm1: /* Treatment */

2011-11-22T13:36:27Z

Treatment

Lwyasm1: /* Pathology and Clinical Signs */

2011-11-22T13:35:05Z

Pathology and Clinical Signs

Lwyasm1: /* Pathology and Clinical Signs */

2011-11-22T13:34:34Z

Pathology and Clinical Signs

Lwyasm1: /* Introduction */

2011-11-22T13:33:55Z

Introduction

Lwyasm1: /* Introduction */

2011-11-22T13:33:36Z

Introduction

Lwyasm1: /* References */

2011-11-22T13:32:41Z

References

Lwyasm1: /* Life Cycle */

2011-11-22T13:31:53Z

Life Cycle

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 ==Introduction==
 [[File:Argulus.jpg|250px|thumb|right|'''Fish Louse (''Argulus sp.'') attached to the skin of a fish (Wikimedia Commons)''']]
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 {{review}}
 [[Category:Crustacea]]
 [[Category:Fish Diseases]]

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 It is vital that any treatment plan is effective against both '''adults and juvenile stages''' of the parasite.
-Infestations can be treated with an '''increase in water salinity'''. If this is ineffective, [[Ectoparasiticides|ectoparasiticides]] such as '''organophosphates''' or [[Ectoparasiticides#Modes of Action|'''chitin inhibitors''']] can be used. Three treatments of OPs are usually required to eliminate all life stages. It should be noted that organophosphate treatment is not permitted in fish in the UK and should be confirmed in any other region before use.
+Infestations can be treated with an '''increase in water salinity'''. If this is ineffective, [[Ectoparasiticides|ectoparasiticides]] such as '''organophosphates''' or [[Ectoparasiticides#Modes of Action|'''chitin inhibitors''']] can be used. Three treatments of organophosphates are usually required to eliminate all life stages. It should be noted that organophosphate treatment is not permitted in fish in the UK and should be confirmed in any other region before use.
 {{Learning
@@ Line 33: / Line 33: @@
 Fishdoc (2009) '''Argulus/Fish Louse''' at http://www.fishdoc.co.uk/disease/argulus.htm, accessed online 22/11/2011
-Frye, F. L & Williams, D. L (1995) '''Self-Assessment Colour Review - Reptiles & Amphibians''' ''Manson''
+Lewbart, G. A. (1998) '''Self-Assessment Colour Review of Ornamental Fish''' ''Manson''
 Maclean, B (2006) '''Common dermatoses of ornamental fish and amphibians''' ''In Practice 2006 28: 604-613''
@@ Line 43: / Line 43: @@
 Wildgoose, W (1998) '''Skin disease in ornamental fish: identifying common problems''' ''In Practice 1998 20: 226-243''
-[[Category:To Do - Manson review]]
 [[Category:Crustacea]]
 [[Category:Fish Diseases]]

@@ Line 41: / Line 41: @@
 Stuart, N (1988) '''Common skin diseases of farmed and pet fish''' ''In Practice 1988 10: 47-53''
-Wildgoose, W (1998) '''Skin disease in ornammental fish: identifying common problems''' ''In Practice 1998 20: 226-243''
+Wildgoose, W (1998) '''Skin disease in ornamental fish: identifying common problems''' ''In Practice 1998 20: 226-243''
 [[Category:To Do - Manson review]]
 [[Category:Crustacea]]
 [[Category:Fish Diseases]]

@@ Line 22: / Line 22: @@
 ==Treatment==
-It is vital that any treatment plan is effective against both adults and juvenile stages of the parasite.
+It is vital that any treatment plan is effective against both '''adults and juvenile stages''' of the parasite.
-Infestations can be treated with an '''increase in water salinity'''. If this is ineffective, [[Ectoparasiticides|ectoparasiticides]] such as '''organophosphates''' or [[Ectoparasiticides#Modes of Action|'''chitin inhibitors''']] can be used. Three treatments of OPs are usually required to eliminate all life stages. It should be noted that organophosphate treatment is not permitted in the UK and should be confirmed in any other region before use.
+Infestations can be treated with an '''increase in water salinity'''. If this is ineffective, [[Ectoparasiticides|ectoparasiticides]] such as '''organophosphates''' or [[Ectoparasiticides#Modes of Action|'''chitin inhibitors''']] can be used. Three treatments of OPs are usually required to eliminate all life stages. It should be noted that organophosphate treatment is not permitted in fish in the UK and should be confirmed in any other region before use.
 {{Learning

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 The louse has a sharp stylet along the ventral midline that it uses to pierce the skin of the fish. It then '''injects digestive enzymes''' into the surrounding tissues and feeds on the digested bodily fluids by sucking them out with its '''proboscis'''.
-The damage caused by the fish louse is two-fold; firstly '''localised inflammation and irritation''' of the skin caused directly by the parasite and secondarily the risk of developing '''opportunistic infections''', both '''bacterial and viral''' directly through the damaged skin. [[Pseudomonas species - Overview|''Pseudomonas spp.'']] and [[Aeromonas species - Overview|''Aeromonas spp.'']] are often of particular concern, as they can potentially invade the [[Gills|gills]].
+The damage caused by the fish louse is two-fold; firstly '''localised inflammation and irritation''' of the skin caused directly by the parasite and secondarily the risk of developing '''opportunistic infections''', both '''bacterial and viral''' via the damaged skin. [[Pseudomonas species - Overview|''Pseudomonas spp.'']] and [[Aeromonas species - Overview|''Aeromonas spp.'']] are often of particular concern, as they can potentially invade the [[Gills|gills]].
 Fish may show '''rubbing and flashing behaviour''' due to the intense irritation caused by the infection.

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 [[File:Argulus.jpg|250px|thumb|right|'''Fish Louse (''Argulus sp.'') attached to the skin of a fish (Wikimedia Commons)''']]
-The '''fish louse (''Argulus spp.''''' is a '''metazoan [[Crustacea|crustacean]] skin parasites''' of '''freshwater fish'''. They pose a major threat to the health of commercially produced fish.
+The '''fish louse (''Argulus spp.'')''' is a '''metazoan [[Crustacea|crustacean]] skin parasites''' of '''freshwater fish'''. They pose a major threat to the health of commercially produced fish.
 ==Life Cycle==

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:32, 22 November 2011
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	[[Category:To Do - Manson review]]		[[Category:To Do - Manson review]]
	[[Category:Crustacea]]		[[Category:Crustacea]]
		+	[[Category:Fish Diseases]]

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 ==Life Cycle==
-The parasite's life cycle is direct. The lice mate on the fish and the female then lays her eggs on surfaces or plants within the habitat. These then progress through a series of stages.
+The parasite's life cycle is '''direct'''. The lice mate on the fish and the female then lays her eggs on surfaces or plants within the habitat. These then progress through a series of '''metamorphic stages''', each of which moults its exoskeleton in order to grow.
-After 4 days the hatched crustacean will seek out a host fish to feed on.
+After '''4 days''' the hatched adult crustacean will seek out a host fish to feed on.
-The total life cycle takes 30-100 days and is temperature dependent. Eggs can undergo latency and delayed hatching if water temperatures are not suitable over Winter.
+The total life cycle takes '''30-100 days''' and is '''temperature dependent'''. Eggs can undergo '''latency''' and delayed hatching if water temperatures are not suitable over Winter.
 ==Pathology and Clinical Signs==