Gastric Dilation and Intestinal Obstruction – Rabbit - Revision history

BaraStudent: /* References */

2015-08-25T17:55:24Z

References

2010-10-14T08:22:34Z

2010-07-20T22:01:32Z

References

2010-07-20T22:01:06Z

2010-07-20T18:00:17Z

Sites and causes of obstruction

2010-07-20T17:59:19Z

Procedure with a case of gastric dilation

2010-07-20T17:54:57Z

2010-07-20T17:53:50Z

Postoperative care

2010-07-20T17:53:23Z

Complications of rabbit intestinal surgery

2010-07-20T17:53:04Z

Practical approach to exploratory laparotomy in rabbits with intestinal obstruction

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 *Food (grass, dandelions)
 *Gavage with Oxbow CCF and Baby cereal
 ==References==

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-{{unfinished}}
+===Introduction: gastric dilation and gut stasis===
 Gastric stasis must be differentiated from gastric dilation which is usually associated with intestinal obstruction. Gastric dilation develops rapidly, suddenly and unexpectedly, whereas gut stasis develops slowly and insidiously, usually followed by a painful or stressful episode. Note that a moving foreign body could mimic gut stasis except that the stomach is not impacted (stomach may or may not be impacted).
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 *Food (grass, dandelions)
 *Gavage with Oxbow CCF and Baby cereal
 ==References==
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-[[Category:Digestive_Disorders_-_Rabbit]]
+[[Category:Rabbit Digestion]]

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 ==References==
 *Harcourt Brown, F. M. (2007) '''Gastric dilation and intestinal obstruction in 76 rabbits'''. Veterinary Record, 161,  409 – 414
 *Harcourt Brown, T. R. (2007) '''Management of Acute Gastric Dilation in Rabbits'''. Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine, 16, (3) 168 – 174
-*Deeb, B. (2000) Digestive System and Disorders in '''Manual of Rabbit Medicine and Surgery''', ed. Paul Flecknell pub BSAVA  Cheltenham Glos Pages 39 - 46
 [[Category:Digestive_Disorders_-_Rabbit]]

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 *Food (grass, dandelions)
 *Gavage with Oxbow CCF and Baby cereal
 [[Category:Digestive_Disorders_-_Rabbit]]

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 ===Sites and causes of obstruction===
-*Pylorus (Deeb 2000 Jenkins 2003)
+*Pylorus (Deeb 2000; Jenkins 2003)
 *Proximal duodenum
 **foreign bodies

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 Serial radiographs (every 30 – 90 minutes) looking for gas in hindgut. If gas in hind gut this indicates that the obstruction is moving - administer NSAIDs (carprofen or meloxicam) if not already administered (see above) - followed by prokinetics if still anorectic after 2-3 hours.
-Fluid accumulation in stomach leads to deficit in intra- and extra-cellular compartments. Parenteral fluids required. Give Hartmann’s IV.
+Fluid accumulation in stomach leads to deficit in intra- and extra-cellular compartments. Parenteral fluids required. Give Hartmann’s/kg /hr IV.
 Exploratory surgery may be attempted. Decision of whether to embark on surgery or conservative treatment depends on the time of presentation and on  financial considerations:

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 *Harcourt Brown F M (2007), Gastric dilation and intestinal obstruction in 76 rabbits. Veterinary Record, 161,  409 – 414, and
 *Harcourt Brown T R (2007) Management of Acute Gastric Dilation in Rabbits. Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine, 16, (3) 168 – 174
 ===Pathophysiology===
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 **note dilation of gut proximal to obstruction
 *Non-passage of the blockage leads to devitalisation and necrosis of intestine
 ===Clinical Signs of Gastric Dilation===
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 *Distended stomach palpable in left epigastric area caudomedial to left last rib and confirmed radiographically
 *Abdominal pain or flaccidity
 ===Causes of intestinal obstruction===
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 *Tapeworm cysts
 *Diverticulosis
 ===Pellets of compressed hair===
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 *Ingestion of hair in caecotrophs
 *Predisposed by low-fibre diets
 ===Sites and causes of obstruction===
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 '''NB: Severity of prognosis is directly proportional to closeness of site of obstruction to pylorus.'''
 ===Case assessment===
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 *Day => conservative treatment
 *Night => surgery more likely
 ===Surgical Procedure===

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 ===Postoperative care===
-•	Warmth, quiet
+*Warmth, quiet
-•	Fluid therapy
+*Fluid therapy
-•	Analgesia
+*Analgesia
-•	Antibiotics
+*Antibiotics
-•	Prokinetics
+*Prokinetics
-•	Food (grass, dandelions)
+*Food (grass, dandelions)
-•	Gavage with Oxbow CCF and Baby cereal
+*Gavage with Oxbow CCF and Baby cereal
 [[Category:Digestive_Disorders_-_Rabbit]]

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 ===Complications of rabbit intestinal surgery===
-•	Insufficient omentum for omentalisation
+*Insufficient omentum for omentalisation
-•	Intestine small and thin-walled
+*Intestine small and thin-walled
-•	Food cannot be withheld during post-operative period
+*Food cannot be withheld during post-operative period
-o	danger of hepatic lipidosis
+**danger of hepatic lipidosis
 ===Postoperative care===

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 #Palpate jejunum cranially and caudally
 #Look for flattened intestine caudal to obstruction
-#Examine site of obstruction for contributive or subsequent pathology
+#Examine site of obstruction for contributive or subsequent pathology: cytology/biopsy?
 #Milk obstruction to hindgut or stomach
 #Gastrotomy/enterotomy/ectomy???