Innate Immunity Barriers - Revision history

Bara at 17:26, 18 May 2012

2012-05-18T17:26:27Z

Rjfrancisrvc: /* Physical Barriers */

2012-05-10T12:01:35Z

Physical Barriers

Rjfrancisrvc: /* Physical Barriers */

2012-05-10T11:59:56Z

Physical Barriers

Rjfrancisrvc: /* Commensal Organisms */

2012-05-10T11:58:29Z

Commensal Organisms

Rjfrancisrvc: /* Biochemical Barriers */

2012-05-10T11:54:06Z

Biochemical Barriers

Rjfrancisrvc: /* Biochemical Barriers */

2012-05-10T11:53:46Z

Biochemical Barriers

Rjfrancisrvc: /* Commensal Organisms */

2012-05-10T11:51:02Z

Commensal Organisms

Rjfrancisrvc: /* Biochemical Barriers */

2012-05-10T11:50:12Z

Biochemical Barriers

Rjfrancisrvc: /* Physical Barriers */

2012-05-10T11:48:57Z

Physical Barriers

Rjfrancisrvc: /* Physical Barriers */

2012-05-10T11:48:41Z

Physical Barriers

@@ Line 12: / Line 12: @@
 Thin epithelial surfaces are necessary for the normal physiological functions of the body's mucus membranes (i.e. absorption and gas exchange). They are therefore more susceptible to infection. But the body has a solution by using alternative protective mechanisms in these areas:
-*  The '''mucociliary escalator''' of the respiratory tract (assisted by coughing and sneezing)
+*  The [[Respiratory Epithelium - Anatomy & Physiology|'''mucociliary escalator''']] of the respiratory tract (assisted by coughing and sneezing)
-* '''Peristalsis, vomiting & diarrhoea''' when necessary removes microorganisms from the Gastro-Intestinal Tract
+* '''Peristalsis, [[vomiting]] & diarrhoea''' when necessary removes microorganisms from the gastro-intestinal tract
 ===Biochemical Barriers===
 Where there are breaks in the skin that are open to the outside environment the body has an armoury of biochemical barriers that can stop infection. These are:
 * '''Lactic and fatty acids''' in sweat and sebaceous secretions are directly bacteriocidal
-* '''Enzymes''' e.g. lysozyme in saliva, sweat & tears and Gastric acid denature microorganisms
+* '''Enzymes''' e.g. lysozyme in saliva, sweat & tears and gastric acid denature microorganisms
 * Mucous itself is acidic, indigestible and traps microorganisms
@@ Line 28: / Line 28: @@
 <br><br>
 {{Jim Bee 2007}}
 [[Category:Innate Immune System]]

@@ Line 11: / Line 11: @@
 '''''Mucous Membranes'''''<br />
-Thin epithelial surfaces are necessary for the normal physiological functions of the body's mucus membranes (i.e. absorption and gas exchange).They are therefore more susceptible to infection. But it's ok as the body uses alternative protective mechanisms in these areas:
+Thin epithelial surfaces are necessary for the normal physiological functions of the body's mucus membranes (i.e. absorption and gas exchange). They are therefore more susceptible to infection. But the body has a solution by using alternative protective mechanisms in these areas:
 *  The '''mucociliary escalator''' of the respiratory tract (assisted by coughing and sneezing)
 * '''Peristalsis, vomiting & diarrhoea''' when necessary removes microorganisms from the Gastro-Intestinal Tract

@@ Line 11: / Line 11: @@
 '''''Mucous Membranes'''''<br />
-Thin epithelial surfaces are necessary for the normal physiological functions of the body's mucus membranes (ie absorption and gas exchange).They are therefore more susceptible to infection. But it's ok as the body uses alternative protective mechanisms in these areas:
+Thin epithelial surfaces are necessary for the normal physiological functions of the body's mucus membranes (i.e. absorption and gas exchange).They are therefore more susceptible to infection. But it's ok as the body uses alternative protective mechanisms in these areas:
 *  The '''mucociliary escalator''' of the respiratory tract (assisted by coughing and sneezing)
 * '''Peristalsis, vomiting & diarrhoea''' when necessary removes microorganisms from the Gastro-Intestinal Tract

@@ Line 22: / Line 22: @@
 ==='''Commensal Organisms'''===
 * Out-compete pathogens at mucosal and epithelial surfaces and produce natural antibiotics
 * When commensals are disturbed, for example with continual antibiotic use, infection with opportunistic organisms is increased

@@ Line 16: / Line 16: @@
 ===Biochemical Barriers===
-Where there are breaks in the skin that are open to the outside environment the body has an armoury of biochemical barrieres that can stop infection. These are:
+Where there are breaks in the skin that are open to the outside environment the body has an armoury of biochemical barriers that can stop infection. These are:
 * '''Lactic and fatty acids''' in sweat and sebaceous secretions are directly bacteriocidal
 * '''Enzymes''' e.g. lysozyme in saliva, sweat & tears and Gastric acid denature microorganisms

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 '''''Skin'''''
-The simplest way to avoid infection is to prevent microorganisms gaining access to the body. The skin has an external coating of dead cells (cuticle) that, when intact, is impermeable to most infectious agents.
+The simplest way to avoid infection is to prevent microorganisms gaining access to the body. The skin has an external coating of dead cells (cuticle) that, when intact, is impermeable to most infectious agents as very few pathogens are capable of penetrating the thick stratified squamous epithelium of the skin (and lower urinary tract).
-* Very few pathogens are capable of penetrating the thick stratified squamous epithelium of the skin (and lower urinary tract).
+* However, infection becomes a problem when there is:
-** Infection becomes a problem when there is:
+** Skin loss:  e.g. burns
-*** Skin loss:  e.g. burns
+** A break in the skin: e.g. wounds
 '''''Mucous Membranes'''''
-* Thin epithelial surfaces are necessary for the normal physiological functions of the body's mucus membranes (ie absorption and gas exchange).They are therefore more susceptible to infection
+Thin epithelial surfaces are necessary for the normal physiological functions of the body's mucus membranes (ie absorption and gas exchange).They are therefore more susceptible to infection. But it's ok as the body uses alternative protective mechanisms in these areas:
-**  The body uses alternative protective mechanisms in these areas:
+*  The '''mucociliary escalator''' of the respiratory tract (assisted by coughing and sneezing)
-***  The '''mucociliary escalator''' of the respiratory tract (assisted by coughing and sneezing)
+* '''Peristalsis, vomiting & diarrhoea''' when necessary removes microorganisms from the Gastro-Intestinal Tract
 ===Biochemical Barriers===