Lizard Endoparasites - Revision history

Bara at 22:40, 1 November 2010

2010-11-01T22:40:34Z

Bara at 21:42, 28 October 2010

2010-10-28T21:42:07Z

Bara at 21:41, 28 October 2010

2010-10-28T21:41:33Z

Suzannah.stacey: /* Endoparasites */

2010-08-06T08:32:16Z

Endoparasites

Suzannah.stacey: /* Prevention */

2010-08-06T08:31:18Z

Prevention

Suzannah.stacey: /* Introduction */

2010-08-06T08:29:10Z

Introduction

Suzannah.stacey at 08:28, 6 August 2010

2010-08-06T08:28:49Z

Clamy: /* Endoparasites */

2010-05-18T15:31:46Z

Endoparasites

Clamy at 15:23, 18 May 2010

2010-05-18T15:23:36Z

Clamy at 15:22, 18 May 2010

2010-05-18T15:22:15Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:40, 1 November 2010
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	[http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=((title:(Endoparasites)+AND+ab:(Endoparasites)))+AND+((((title:(lizard)+OR+ab:(lizard)+OR+od:(lizards))))) Lizards Endoparasites publications]		[http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=((title:(Endoparasites)+AND+ab:(Endoparasites)))+AND+((((title:(lizard)+OR+ab:(lizard)+OR+od:(lizards))))) Lizards Endoparasites publications]

		+	[http://www.cabi.org/cabdirect/FullTextPDF/2009/20093118403.pdf ''' Reptile parasitology: what is that and how do I treat that?''' Wright, K.; The North American Veterinary Conference, Gainesville, USA, Small animal and exotics. Proceedings of the North American Veterinary Conference, Orlando, Florida, USA, 17-21 January, 2009, 2009, pp 1817-1821 - '''Full Text Article''']

	[[Category:Lizard_Gastrointestinal_Diseases\|E]]		[[Category:Lizard_Gastrointestinal_Diseases\|E]]

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 ==Introduction==
 Gastrointestinal parasites are commonly seen in reptiles brought into a veterinary hospital, particularly in imported and wild caught specimens. Reptiles can serve as both definitive and intermediate hosts for several species of parasites. However, the ones which cause the most concern to veterinarians are nematodes, trematodes, cestodes, and protozoans, for whom lizards are definitive hosts, leading to shedding of the parasites through the gastrointestinal tract.
 ==Endoparasites==
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 ===Prevention===
 Quarantine all new reptiles in separate areas for at least three months. Perform regular veterinary examinations, screens and faecal testing during quarantine and at regular intervals. Record normal patterns of eating, defaecating, weight gain and behaviour for each individual. Provide optimum species-specific husbandry.
 ==Treatment==
 Any parasite found in captive reptiles should be treated, especially those with direct life cycles, since the stress of captivity can weaken the [[Lizard and Snake Immune System|immune system]]. Poor husbandry facilitates the build up of direct cycle parasites and parasitised lizards have a shorter life span and tend to be more susceptible to disease.

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 ====Cestodes====
 * Praziquantel IM once
 [[Category:Lizard_Gastrointestinal_Diseases|E]]

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 Gastrointestinal parasites are commonly seen in reptiles brought into a veterinary hospital, particularly in imported and wild caught specimens. Reptiles can serve as both definitive and intermediate hosts for several species of parasites. However, the ones which cause the most concern to veterinarians are nematodes, trematodes, cestodes, and protozoans, for whom lizards are definitive hosts, leading to shedding of the parasites through the gastrointestinal tract.
 ==Endoparasites==
@@ Line 17: / Line 18: @@
 Routine faecal examinations and worming should be part of a standard [[Lizard and Snake Quarantine|quarantine]] procedure or part of regular examinations.
 ===Prevention===

@@ Line 17: / Line 17: @@
 Routine faecal examinations and worming should be part of a standard [[Lizard and Snake Quarantine|quarantine]] procedure or part of regular examinations.
 ===Prevention===
-[[Lizard and Snake Quarantine|Quarantine]], correct husbandry, and [[Preventive medicine|preventive medicine]] (e.g. regular faecal testing).
 ==Treatment==

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:28, 6 August 2010
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	{{review}}		{{review}}
		+	==Introduction==
		+
		+

	Gastrointestinal parasites are commonly seen in reptiles brought into a veterinary hospital, particularly in imported and wild caught specimens. Reptiles can serve as both definitive and intermediate hosts for several species of parasites. However, the ones which cause the most concern to veterinarians are nematodes, trematodes, cestodes, and protozoans, for whom lizards are definitive hosts, leading to shedding of the parasites through the gastrointestinal tract.		Gastrointestinal parasites are commonly seen in reptiles brought into a veterinary hospital, particularly in imported and wild caught specimens. Reptiles can serve as both definitive and intermediate hosts for several species of parasites. However, the ones which cause the most concern to veterinarians are nematodes, trematodes, cestodes, and protozoans, for whom lizards are definitive hosts, leading to shedding of the parasites through the gastrointestinal tract.

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 * Metazoan parasites: nematodes, cestodes
-Nematodes are frequently encountered during routine fecal examinations . The most common parasites is the pinworm (e.g., oxyurids) which are usually nonpathogenic. However, heavy burdens may lead to clinical disease. Furthermore, oxyurids have a direct life cycle and can reach high numbers within the colon, particularly in herbibvorous iguanids, putting the lizard at high risk for impaction.
+Nematodes are frequently encountered during routine fecal examinations . The most common parasites is the pinworm (e.g., oxyurids) which are usually nonpathogenic. However, heavy burdens may lead to clinical disease. Furthermore, oxyurids have a direct life cycle and can reach high numbers within the colon, particularly in herbivorous iguanids, putting the lizard at high risk for impaction.
 ===Clinical signs===

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 {{review}}
 Gastrointestinal parasites are commonly seen in reptiles brought into a veterinary hospital, particularly in imported and wild caught specimens. Reptiles can serve as both definitive and intermediate hosts for several species of parasites. However, the ones which cause the most concern to veterinarians are nematodes, trematodes, cestodes, and protozoans, for whom lizards are definitive hosts, leading to shedding of the parasites through the gastrointestinal tract.
 * Protozoa: amoeba, coccidia, flagellates (''Hexamita'', ''Trichomonads'', ''Giardia'' and ''Leptomonas''), ciliates.
 * Metazoan parasites: nematodes, cestodes
@@ Line 10: / Line 9: @@
 Nematodes are frequently encountered during routine fecal examinations . The most common parasites is the pinworm (e.g., oxyurids) which are usually nonpathogenic. However, heavy burdens may lead to clinical disease. Furthermore, oxyurids have a direct life cycle and can reach high numbers within the colon, particularly in herbibvorous iguanids, putting the lizard at high risk for impaction.
-'''Clinical signs''' of amoebiasis include anorexia, pica, prolapse, regurgitation, wasting, dehydration, constipation, weight loss, and lethargy. However as the parasite colonizes the animal's organs, such as the liver and kidney, it may cause necrosis and abscess formation.
+===Clinical signs===
-'''Diagnosis''' - Routine faecal examinations and worming should be part of a standard [[Lizard and Snake Quarantine|quarantine]] procedure or part of regular examinations.
+===Diagnosis===
-'''Prevention''' - [[Lizard and Snake Quarantine|Quarantine]], correct husbandry, and [[Preventive medicine|preventive medicine]] (e.g. regular faecal testing).
+===Prevention===
 ==Treatment==