Nasal Cavity - Anatomy & Physiology - Revision history

Fiorecastro at 16:36, 7 November 2022

2022-11-07T16:36:18Z

Bhavisha: /* Links */

2016-05-17T20:18:09Z

Links

Thepollycat: /* Links */ Videos added

2012-08-22T14:12:23Z

Links: Videos added

Bara at 15:11, 28 June 2012

2012-06-28T15:11:15Z

Rcalabre: /* Nasal conchae */

2011-11-06T14:27:12Z

Nasal conchae

Ggaitskell: /* Links */

2011-07-20T19:08:31Z

Links

Ggaitskell at 19:08, 20 July 2011

2011-07-20T19:08:06Z

Bara: Text replace - "[[Haemorrhage - Pathology" to "[[Haemorrhage"

2011-02-14T14:55:27Z

Text replace - "[[Haemorrhage - Pathology" to "[[Haemorrhage"

Bara at 17:30, 7 January 2011

2011-01-07T17:30:53Z

Bara at 16:42, 6 January 2011

2011-01-06T16:42:12Z

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 {{review}}
-{{OpenPages}}
 [[Category:Respiratory System - Anatomy & Physiology]]
 [[Category:A&P Done]]

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 |dragster = [[Canine Head Radiographical Anatomy Resources (IV & V)|Canine Skull Anatomy - Nasal Chambers (V)]]
 |videos = [[Video: Equine head (sagittal section) potcast|Equine head (sagittal section) potcast]]<br>[[Video: Lateral surface of the head of the dog potcast 6|Lateral surface of the head of the dog potcast 6]]<br>[[Video: Lateral surface and sagittal section of the head of a sheep|Lateral surface and sagittal section of the head of a sheep]]
 }}

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 {{Template:Learning
 |dragster = [[Canine Head Radiographical Anatomy Resources (IV & V)|Canine Skull Anatomy - Nasal Chambers (V)]]
 }}

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-{{review}}
+{{OpenPagesTop}}
+==Introduction==
 [[Image:Nasal Cavities.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Nasal Cavities - Copyright David Bainbridge]]
 The respiratory tract begins with the ''nose'' which includes the external nose, internal nasal cavities and [[Paranasal Sinuses - Anatomy & Physiology|paranasal sinuses]].
 As well as being vital for transport of gases to the [[Cardiorespiratory System Overview - Anatomy & Physiology#Lower Respiratory Tract|lower respiratory tract]], the nasal cavity is also the site for one of the special senses - [[Nose - Anatomy & Physiology|''Olfaction'']].
 ==Structure==
 The nose consists of the external nares with nasal [[Cartilage - Anatomy & Physiology#Structure and Function of Cartilage|cartilages]], the nasal cavity (including the nasal meatus and conchae), and the [[Paranasal Sinuses - Anatomy & Physiology|paranasal sinuses]].
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 |dragster = [[Canine Head Radiographical Anatomy Resources (IV & V)|Canine Skull Anatomy - Nasal Chambers (V)]]
 }}
 [[Category:Respiratory System - Anatomy & Physiology]]
 [[Category:A&P Done]]

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 The conchae are [[Cartilage - Anatomy & Physiology#Types of Cartilage|cartilage]] or ossified scrolls which arise from the [[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology#Ethmoid Bone (os ethmoidale|ethmoid bone]]. They are covered with mucous membrane, under which is a layer of anastomosing blood vessels. The nasal conchae are more complex in animals with a better sense of smell, as they increase the surface area of the olfactory region, further.
-There are '''dorsal''' and '''ventral conchae''', the dorsal concha originating from the ethmoid bone and attaching to the maxilla, and the venrtal conchae originating from the [[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology#Maxilla|maxilla]] and extending further into the nasal cavity. The conchae divide the nasal cavity into nasal ducts or '''meatuses''', which branch out from a common nasal meatus which is adjacent to the nasal septum. There are three nasal meatuses which branch from the common nasal meatus: '''dorsal''', '''middle''' and '''ventral''':
+There are '''dorsal''' and '''ventral conchae''', the dorsal concha originating from the ethmoid bone and attaching to the maxilla, and the ventral conchae originating from the [[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology#Maxilla|maxilla]] and extending further into the nasal cavity. The conchae divide the nasal cavity into nasal ducts or '''meatuses''', which branch out from a common nasal meatus which is adjacent to the nasal septum. There are three nasal meatuses which branch from the common nasal meatus: '''dorsal''', '''middle''' and '''ventral''':
 '''Dorsal nasal meatus'''

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 ==Species Differences==
-The nasal cavity in the '''sheep''' is highly vascularised, with any damage to the epithelium resulting in severe [[Haemorrhage - Pathology|haemorrhage]]. '''Cattle''' have a smaller nasal cavity compared to the horse. There are many variations to the entire [[Avian Respiration - Anatomy & Physiology|'''avian''' respiratory tract]]. The [[Respiration in Non-Homeotherms - Anatomy & Physiology|respiratory systems of non-homeotherms]] are also very different to that of mammals.
+The nasal cavity in the '''sheep''' is highly vascularised, with any damage to the epithelium resulting in severe [[Haemorrhage|haemorrhage]]. '''Cattle''' have a smaller nasal cavity compared to the horse. There are many variations to the entire [[Avian Respiration - Anatomy & Physiology|'''avian''' respiratory tract]]. The [[Respiration in Non-Homeotherms - Anatomy & Physiology|respiratory systems of non-homeotherms]] are also very different to that of mammals.
 ==Links==

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 ===Nasal conchae===
-The nasal cavity is occupied to a large extent by '''nasal conchae'''. These are turbinate bones which project into the nasal cavity with the purpose of supporting the [[Nose - Anatomy & Physiology|olfactory]] mucus membranes and increasing the respiratory surface area, creating turbulence within the passing air. This helps to filter, warm or cool the air that passes through.
+The nasal cavity is occupied to a large extent by '''nasal conchae'''. These are turbinate bones which project into the nasal cavity with the purpose of supporting the [[Nose - Anatomy & Physiology|olfactory]] mucus membranes and increasing the respiratory surface area, creating turbulence within the passing air. This helps to filter and warm or cool the air that passes through.
-The conchae are [[Cartilage - Anatomy & Physiology#Types of Cartilage|cartilage]] or ossified scrolls which arise from the [[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology#Ethmoid Bone (os ethmoidale|ethmoid bone]]. They are covered with mucous membrane, under which is a layer of anastomosing blood vessels. The nasal conchae are more complex in animals with a better sense of smell, as they increase the surface area of the [[Nose - Anatomy & Physiology|olfactory]] region, further.
+The conchae are [[Cartilage - Anatomy & Physiology#Types of Cartilage|cartilage]] or ossified scrolls which arise from the [[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology#Ethmoid Bone (os ethmoidale|ethmoid bone]]. They are covered with mucous membrane, under which is a layer of anastomosing blood vessels. The nasal conchae are more complex in animals with a better sense of smell, as they increase the surface area of the olfactory region, further.
-There are '''dorsal''' and '''ventral conchae''', the dorsal concha originating from the [[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology#Ethmoid Bone (os ethmoidale)|ethmoid bone]] and attaching to the maxilla, and the vental conchae originating from the [[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology#Maxilla|maxilla]] and extending further into the nasal cavity. The conchae divide the nasal cavity into nasal ducts or '''meatuses''', which branch out from a common nasal meatus which is adjacent to the nasal septum. There are three nasal meatuses which branch from the common nasal meatus: '''dorsal''', '''middle''' and '''ventral''':
+There are '''dorsal''' and '''ventral conchae''', the dorsal concha originating from the ethmoid bone and attaching to the maxilla, and the venrtal conchae originating from the [[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology#Maxilla|maxilla]] and extending further into the nasal cavity. The conchae divide the nasal cavity into nasal ducts or '''meatuses''', which branch out from a common nasal meatus which is adjacent to the nasal septum. There are three nasal meatuses which branch from the common nasal meatus: '''dorsal''', '''middle''' and '''ventral''':
 '''Dorsal nasal meatus'''
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 ==Function==
-In addition to [[Nose - Anatomy & Physiology|olfaction]], the function of the nasal cavity is to modify the incoming air before is is transported further down the respiratory tract. Air is warmed as it passes over the highly vascularised mucosal surfaces of the conchae, humidified by the evaporation from nasal secretion and cleaned as it contacts the secretion from mucus glands within the nasal cavity. The mucus secreted from the glands traps particles and cilia transport them down to the pharynx for swallowing, this process is known as the [[Respiratory Epithelium - Anatomy & Physiology#Mucociliary Escalator|mucociliary escalator]]. The nasal cavity offers further protection via the sneezing reflex .
+In addition to [[Nose - Anatomy & Physiology|olfaction]], the function of the nasal cavity is to modify the incoming air before it is transported further down the respiratory tract. Air is warmed as it passes over the highly vascularised mucosal surfaces of the conchae, humidified by the evaporation from nasal secretion and cleaned as it contacts the secretion from mucus glands within the nasal cavity. The mucus secreted from the glands traps particles and cilia transport them down to the pharynx for swallowing, this process is known as the [[Respiratory Epithelium - Anatomy & Physiology#Mucociliary Escalator|mucociliary escalator]]. The nasal cavity offers further protection via the sneezing reflex .
 ==Species Differences==
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 [[Category:Respiratory System - Anatomy & Physiology]]
-[[Category:To Do - AimeeHicks]][[Category:To Do - Review]]
+[[Category:A&P Done]]

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-The nose consists of the external nares with nasal [[Bones and Cartilage - Anatomy & Physiology#Structure and Function of Cartilage|cartilages]], the nasal cavity (including the nasal meatus and conchae), and the [[Paranasal Sinuses - Anatomy & Physiology|paranasal sinuses]].
+The nose consists of the external nares with nasal [[Cartilage - Anatomy & Physiology#Structure and Function of Cartilage|cartilages]], the nasal cavity (including the nasal meatus and conchae), and the [[Paranasal Sinuses - Anatomy & Physiology|paranasal sinuses]].
 ===Nasal cavity===
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 '''Dorsal''': The maxilla and the palatine processes of the [[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology#Incisive Bone (os incisivium)|incisive bone]].
-Rostrally, the median septum is a continuation of the [[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology#Ethmoid Bone (os ethmoidale)|ethmoid bone]]. The median septum is made up of [[Bones and Cartilage - Anatomy & Physiology#Hyaline Cartilage|hyaline cartilage]], and divides the nasal cavity into left and right halves.
+Rostrally, the median septum is a continuation of the [[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology#Ethmoid Bone (os ethmoidale)|ethmoid bone]]. The median septum is made up of [[Cartilage - Anatomy & Physiology#Hyaline Cartilage|hyaline cartilage]], and divides the nasal cavity into left and right halves.
 [[Image:DogHeadDissection.jpg|right|thumb|250px|The nasal cavity can be seen filled with conchae in this photograph of a canine head. ©Nottingham 2008]]
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 The nasal cavity is occupied to a large extent by '''nasal conchae'''. These are turbinate bones which project into the nasal cavity with the purpose of supporting the [[Nose - Anatomy & Physiology|olfactory]] mucus membranes and increasing the respiratory surface area, creating turbulence within the passing air. This helps to filter, warm or cool the air that passes through.
-The conchae are [[Bones and Cartilage - Anatomy & Physiology#Types of Cartilage|cartilage]] or ossified scrolls which arise from the [[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology#Ethmoid Bone (os ethmoidale|ethmoid bone]]. They are covered with mucous membrane, under which is a layer of anastomosing blood vessels. The nasal conchae are more complex in animals with a better sense of smell, as they increase the surface area of the [[Nose - Anatomy & Physiology|olfactory]] region, further.
+The conchae are [[Cartilage - Anatomy & Physiology#Types of Cartilage|cartilage]] or ossified scrolls which arise from the [[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology#Ethmoid Bone (os ethmoidale|ethmoid bone]]. They are covered with mucous membrane, under which is a layer of anastomosing blood vessels. The nasal conchae are more complex in animals with a better sense of smell, as they increase the surface area of the [[Nose - Anatomy & Physiology|olfactory]] region, further.
 There are '''dorsal''' and '''ventral conchae''', the dorsal concha originating from the [[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology#Ethmoid Bone (os ethmoidale)|ethmoid bone]] and attaching to the maxilla, and the vental conchae originating from the [[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology#Maxilla|maxilla]] and extending further into the nasal cavity. The conchae divide the nasal cavity into nasal ducts or '''meatuses''', which branch out from a common nasal meatus which is adjacent to the nasal septum. There are three nasal meatuses which branch from the common nasal meatus: '''dorsal''', '''middle''' and '''ventral''':