Streptococcus & Enterococcus Infections - Poultry - Revision history

Bara at 17:22, 17 October 2013

2013-10-17T17:22:52Z

Bara at 15:00, 17 August 2012

2012-08-17T15:00:38Z

Bara: Text replace - "Category:CABI Expert Review Completed" to "Category:CABI Expert Review CompletedCategory:CABI AHPC Pages"

2012-04-13T15:10:56Z

Text replace - "Category:CABI Expert Review Completed" to "Category:CABI Expert Review Completed Category:CABI AHPC Pages"

Bara at 23:24, 8 December 2011

2011-12-08T23:24:48Z

Bara at 22:03, 29 September 2011

2011-09-29T22:03:24Z

HelenD: /* Introduction */

2011-09-20T09:51:23Z

Introduction

HelenD at 06:56, 1 September 2011

2011-09-01T06:56:47Z

Bara: /* References */

2011-08-12T23:08:05Z

References

Bara at 14:36, 28 July 2011

2011-07-28T14:36:21Z

Bara at 14:35, 28 July 2011

2011-07-28T14:35:01Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:22, 17 October 2013
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	[[Category:CABI Expert Review Completed]][[Category:CABI AHPC Pages]] [[Category:Respiratory Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Neurological Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Musculoskeletal Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Cardiovascular Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Reproductive Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Lymphoreticular and Haematopoietic Diseases - Birds]]		[[Category:CABI Expert Review Completed]][[Category:CABI AHPC Pages]] [[Category:Respiratory Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Neurological Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Musculoskeletal Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Cardiovascular Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Reproductive Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Lymphoreticular and Haematopoietic Diseases - Birds]]
		+	[[Category:Cardiology Section]]

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 {{Podcasts
 |link = https://bloomsbury.mediacore.tv/media/streptococcus-and-enterococcus-infections-in-poult}}
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 |by = [http://www.bric.ku.dk/staff_dynamic/staff/description/?id=310904&f=3 Jens Peter Christensen, DVM, PhD]
 |date = 30 August 2011}}
 [[Category:CABI Expert Review Completed]][[Category:CABI AHPC Pages]] [[Category:Respiratory Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Neurological Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Musculoskeletal Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Cardiovascular Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Reproductive Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Lymphoreticular and Haematopoietic Diseases - Birds]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:10, 13 April 2012
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	\|date = 30 August 2011}}		\|date = 30 August 2011}}

−	[[Category:CABI Expert Review Completed]] [[Category:Respiratory Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Neurological Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Musculoskeletal Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Cardiovascular Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Reproductive Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Lymphoreticular and Haematopoietic Diseases - Birds]]	+	[[Category:CABI Expert Review Completed]][[Category:CABI AHPC Pages]] [[Category:Respiratory Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Neurological Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Musculoskeletal Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Cardiovascular Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Reproductive Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Lymphoreticular and Haematopoietic Diseases - Birds]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:24, 8 December 2011
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		+	{{Podcasts
		+	\|link = https://bloomsbury.mediacore.tv/media/streptococcus-and-enterococcus-infections-in-poult}}
	Also Known As: '''''Enterococcosis — Streptococcosis'''''		Also Known As: '''''Enterococcosis — Streptococcosis'''''

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 <br><br>
-This article was reviewed by [http://www.bric.ku.dk/staff_dynamic/staff/description/?id=310904&f=3 Jens Peter Christensen, DVM, PhD] on 30/08/11.
+{{Expert Reviewed
-[[Category:CABI Expert Review]] [[Category:Respiratory Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Neurological Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Musculoskeletal Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Cardiovascular Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Reproductive Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Lymphoreticular and Haematopoietic Diseases - Birds]]
+[[Category:CABI Expert Review Completed]] [[Category:Respiratory Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Neurological Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Musculoskeletal Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Cardiovascular Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Reproductive Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Lymphoreticular and Haematopoietic Diseases - Birds]]

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 The majority of infections from these pathogens are '''opportunistic.'''
-There does '''not appear to be any zoonotic risk''' to humans from ingestion or infected birds with these infections, with the exception of ''[[Streptococcus suis]]'' which is rare in birds and more commonly acquired from pigs. There are however concerns regarding the spread of Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci '''(VRE)''' to humans from poultry.
+There does '''not appear to be any zoonotic risk''' to humans from ingestion of infected birds with these infections, with the exception of ''[[Streptococcus suis]]'' which is rare in birds and more commonly acquired from pigs. There are however concerns regarding the spread of Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci '''(VRE)''' to humans from poultry.
 ==Distribution==

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-Also Known As: '''''Apoplectiform Septicaemia — Enterococcosis — Sleeping Sickness — Streptococcosis'''''
+Also Known As: '''''Enterococcosis — Streptococcosis'''''
-Caused By: ''Streptococcus alactolyticus — S. bovis — S. dysgalactiae — S. equi — S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus — S. gallylyticus — S. mutans — S. pleomorphus — [[Streptococcus suis|S. suis]] — Enterococcus avium — E. caecorum — E. columbae — [[Enterococcus faecalis|E. faecalis]] — E. durans — E. gallinarum — E. hirae — E. mundtii''
+Most commonly isolated: ''S. dysgalactiae — S. equi — S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus — S. bovis/S. gallylyticus — S. gallinaceus — S. mutans — S. pluranimalium — [[Streptococcus suis|S. suis]] — Enterococcus avium — E. cecorum — E. columbae — [[Enterococcus faecalis|E. faecalis]] — E. faecium — E. durans — E. gallinarum — E. hirae''
 ==Introduction==
 Streptococcal and enterococcal infections in poultry can cause '''acute septicaemia and chronic infections''' in affected birds.
-There are '''~40 recognised members of the [[Streptococci|''Streptococcus'' genus]] and 17 of ''Enterococcus'' spp.''' all are '''commensal organisms''', primarily of the [[Alimentary System|gastrointestinal]] tract and mucosal surfaces, in both animals and humans. Some are also ubiquitous in the environment.
+There are '''~50 recognised members of the [[Streptococci|''Streptococcus'' genus]] and 21 of ''Enterococcus'' spp.''' all are '''commensal organisms''', primarily of the [[Alimentary System|gastrointestinal]] tract and mucosal surfaces, in both animals and humans. Some are also ubiquitous in the environment.
 The majority of infections from these pathogens are '''opportunistic.'''
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 Many other species not discussed here have been isolated from healthy birds and are thought to be non-pathogenic.
 ====''S. gallolyticus''====
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 ====''S.mutans''====
 '''Septicaemia and mortality in geese'''.<ref> Ivanics, é., Bitay, Z., Glávits, R (1984) '''Streptococcus mutans infection in geese.''' ''Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja'', 39(2):92-95; [5 fig.]; 20</ref>
 ====''S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus''====
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 ''E. durans'' can cause '''bacteraemia and encephalomalacia in young chicks'''.<ref> Cardona, C. J., Bickford, A. A., Charlton, B. R., Cooper, G. L (1993) '''Enterococcus durans infection in young chickens associated with bacteremia and encephalomalacia'''. ''Avian Diseases'', 37(1):234-239; 9</ref> ''E. hirae'' can also cause similar brain lesions.<ref> Randall, C. J., Wood, A. M., MacKenzie, G (1993) '''Encephalomalacia in first-week chicks'''. ''Veterinary Record'', 132(16):418; 2</ref>
 ==Diagnosis==
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 The pathogens can then be cultured on sheep or ox '''blood agar, selective blood agar or MacConkey''' agar. Serological Lancefield testing can also be performed on beta haemolytic colonies.
 The organism can often be visualised in microscopic sections as generic gram positive cocci.
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 |date =6 July 2011
 }}
-<br><br><br>
+<br><br>
 [[Category:CABI Expert Review]] [[Category:Respiratory Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Neurological Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Musculoskeletal Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Cardiovascular Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Reproductive Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Lymphoreticular and Haematopoietic Diseases - Birds]]

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 ==References==
 <references/>
-Animal Health & Production Compendium, '''Streptococcus & Enterococcus infections – Poultry datasheet''', accessed 06/07/2011 @ http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/
+{{CABI source
+|datasheet = [http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/?compid=3&dsid=63341&loadmodule=datasheet&page=2144&site=160  Streptococcus and Enterococcus infections in poultry]
 {{review}}
 [[Category:CABI Expert Review]] [[Category:Respiratory Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Neurological Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Musculoskeletal Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Cardiovascular Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Reproductive Diseases - Birds]] [[Category:Lymphoreticular and Haematopoietic Diseases - Birds]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:35, 28 July 2011
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−	Also Known As: '''''Apoplectiform Septicaemia – Enterococcosis – Sleeping Sickness - Streptococcosis'''''	+	Also Known As: '''''Apoplectiform Septicaemia — Enterococcosis — Sleeping Sickness — Streptococcosis'''''

	Caused By: ''Streptococcus alactolyticus – S. bovis – S. dysgalactiae – S. equi – S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus – S. gallylyticus – S. mutans – S. pleomorphus – [[Streptococcus suis\|S. suis]] - Enterococcus avium – E. caecorum – E. columbae - [[Enterococcus faecalis\|E. faecalis]] – E. durans – E. gallinarum - E. hirae – E. mundtii''		Caused By: ''Streptococcus alactolyticus – S. bovis – S. dysgalactiae – S. equi – S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus – S. gallylyticus – S. mutans – S. pleomorphus – [[Streptococcus suis\|S. suis]] - Enterococcus avium – E. caecorum – E. columbae - [[Enterococcus faecalis\|E. faecalis]] – E. durans – E. gallinarum - E. hirae – E. mundtii''