Sulphonamides - Revision history

Kitnmre at 02:52, 23 May 2016

2016-05-23T02:52:29Z

2016-05-23T02:50:46Z

2011-12-03T14:50:40Z

Spectrum of Activity

2010-12-19T13:48:18Z

2010-12-19T13:47:55Z

Corrected typo ("Pincher" is now "Pinscher.")

2010-12-19T13:46:50Z

Corrected typo ("Hepatotoxixity" is now "Hepatotoxicity.")

2010-10-07T17:02:11Z

2010-06-28T22:24:13Z

2010-06-07T22:37:22Z

2009-09-08T02:27:25Z

Mechanism of Action

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:52, 23 May 2016
Line 39:		Line 39:
	[[Category:Hepatotoxicity,_Drug_induced]]		[[Category:Hepatotoxicity,_Drug_induced]]
	[[Category:To_Do_-_Clinical]]		[[Category:To_Do_-_Clinical]]
−
−
−	~~{{Learning~~
−	~~\|Vetstream = [https://www.vetstream.com/canis/Content/Generic/gen00861.asp Zonisamide] [https://www.vetstream.com/canis/Content/Generic/gen00290.asp Trimethoprim]}}~~

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:50, 23 May 2016
Line 39:		Line 39:
	[[Category:Hepatotoxicity,_Drug_induced]]		[[Category:Hepatotoxicity,_Drug_induced]]
	[[Category:To_Do_-_Clinical]]		[[Category:To_Do_-_Clinical]]
		+
		+
		+	{{Learning
		+	\|Vetstream = [https://www.vetstream.com/canis/Content/Generic/gen00861.asp Zonisamide] [https://www.vetstream.com/canis/Content/Generic/gen00290.asp Trimethoprim]}}

@@ Line 12: / Line 12: @@
 * They are active against gram-negative rods, including enterobacteriaceae.
 * They are active against the anaerobes, ''Actinomyces'' and ''Fusobacterium'', but inactive against clostridial species and anaerobic cocci.
-* Reistance is now widespread.
+* Resistance is now widespread.
 * Drugs which contain a PABA nuclear core, such as procaine, antagonise their actions.
 ==Pharmacokinetic Considerations==

@@ Line 37: / Line 37: @@
 *some of these casue hepatic necrosis in susceptible animals
 *has been associated with a reduced capability of detoxifying the metabolites
-*Doberman Pinscher breed appear to be susceptible
+*Doberman Pinscher breed appears to be susceptible
 [[Category:Hepatotoxicity,_Drug_induced]]
 [[Category:To_Do_-_Clinical]]

@@ Line 37: / Line 37: @@
 *some of these casue hepatic necrosis in susceptible animals
 *has been associated with a reduced capability of detoxifying the metabolites
-*Doberman Pincher breed appear to be susceptible
+*Doberman Pinscher breed appear to be susceptible
 [[Category:Hepatotoxicity,_Drug_induced]]
 [[Category:To_Do_-_Clinical]]

@@ Line 34: / Line 34: @@
 * Sulphonamides inhibit thyroid gland function and so mild signs of hypothyroidism have been seen in dogs that have had intesive dosage regimens.
-===Hepatotoxixity===
+===Hepatotoxicity===
 *some of these casue hepatic necrosis in susceptible animals
 *has been associated with a reduced capability of detoxifying the metabolites

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{review}}
-{{toplink
+==Introduction==
 Sulphonamides are derivatives of sulphanilamide, an active metabolite of the pro-drug and dye prontosil. Commonly used ones are: '''sulphadiazine, sulphaquinoxaline, sulphadimethoxine, sulphadoxine''' and '''sulphanilamide'''.
 ==Mechanism of Action==
 Sulphonamides act by competing with an essential precursor in folic acid synthesis in bacteria. Bacteria need to synthesise folic acid in order to grow as they are unable to obtain it from their 'diet' like mammals can. Since the bacterium is unable to synthesize RNA or DNA, due to its lack of folic acid, its growth is inhibited. As such, sulphonamides are '''bacteriostatic'''.
 ==Spectrum of Activity==
 These are generally broad spectrum antibiotics.
 * They are active against aerobic gram-positive cocci and some rods.
@@ Line 27: / Line 17: @@
 ==Pharmacokinetic Considerations==
 * Sulphonamides are lipophilic weak acids of varying pKas.
 * Most are absorbed readily from the gut, except Succinylsulphathiazole and Phthalylsuphathiazole.
@@ Line 46: / Line 35: @@
 ===Hepatotoxixity===
 *some of these casue hepatic necrosis in susceptible animals
 *has been associated with a reduced capability of detoxifying the metabolites

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:24, 28 June 2010
Line 51:		Line 51:
	*Doberman Pincher breed appear to be susceptible		*Doberman Pincher breed appear to be susceptible
	[[Category:Hepatotoxicity,_Drug_induced]]		[[Category:Hepatotoxicity,_Drug_induced]]
		+	[[Category:To_Do_-_Clinical]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:37, 7 June 2010
Line 44:		Line 44:
	* Long dosage regimens of Sulphonamides have resulted in keratoconjunctivitis sicca/'dry eye' in dogs.		* Long dosage regimens of Sulphonamides have resulted in keratoconjunctivitis sicca/'dry eye' in dogs.
	* Sulphonamides inhibit thyroid gland function and so mild signs of hypothyroidism have been seen in dogs that have had intesive dosage regimens.		* Sulphonamides inhibit thyroid gland function and so mild signs of hypothyroidism have been seen in dogs that have had intesive dosage regimens.
		+
		+	===Hepatotoxixity===
		+
		+	*some of these casue hepatic necrosis in susceptible animals
		+	*has been associated with a reduced capability of detoxifying the metabolites
		+	*Doberman Pincher breed appear to be susceptible
		+	[[Category:Hepatotoxicity,_Drug_induced]]