USA Pet Food Labels - Revision history

Bara at 09:41, 14 June 2017

2017-06-14T09:41:06Z

Bara at 10:51, 10 May 2017

2017-05-10T10:51:13Z

Bara: /* References */

2017-05-08T22:50:19Z

References

Bara at 22:48, 8 May 2017

2017-05-08T22:48:55Z

Bara: /* Label Design */

2017-05-08T22:44:54Z

Label Design

Show changes

Bara at 22:25, 8 May 2017

2017-05-08T22:25:32Z

Ggaitskell: /* Complete and Balanced - Nutritional Adequacy Statement */

2017-05-06T10:08:46Z

Complete and Balanced - Nutritional Adequacy Statement

Ggaitskell: /* Complete and Balanced - Nutritional Adequacy Statement */

2017-05-06T10:08:13Z

Complete and Balanced - Nutritional Adequacy Statement

Ggaitskell: /* Statement of Calorie Content */

2017-05-06T10:03:19Z

Statement of Calorie Content

Ggaitskell: /* Statement of Calorie Content */

2017-05-06T10:02:09Z

Statement of Calorie Content

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 {{Mars Petcare}}
 [[Category:To Do - Nutrition]]
 [[Category:Pet Food Labels]]

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 |date = May 2017
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 [[Category:To Do - Nutrition]]
 [[Category:Pet Food Labels]]

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 <references/>
 [[Category:To Do - Nutrition]]
 [[Category:Pet Food Labels]]

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 ==== Net Weight ====
-The declaration of the net weight (or volume, in the case of liquid products) on the principal display panel is mandatory under FDA regulations. Net content declarations must be displayed in conspicuous and easily legible print, within the bottom 30% of the principal display panel in lines generally parallel to the base of the package. There are type size requirements for the net weight statement based on size of the Principal Display Panel.
+The declaration of the net weight (or volume, in the case of liquid products) on the principal display panel is mandatory under FDA<ref name="FDA">FDA website: http://www.fda.gov accessed May 2017</ref> regulations. Net content declarations must be displayed in conspicuous and easily legible print, within the bottom 30% of the principal display panel in lines generally parallel to the base of the package. There are type size requirements for the net weight statement based on size of the Principal Display Panel.
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 :#Based on "product family" criteria .
-===== 1) Based on product formulation=====
+===== ''Based on product formulation'' =====
 In 1990 and 1991, AAFCO convened the '''Canine Nutrition Expert''' (CNE) and '''Feline Nutrition Expert''' (FNE) subcommittees to establish practical nutrient profiles (minimums and maximums) for cat and dog foods based on commonly used ingredients. The profiles were last updated in 2016. The reports of the CNE and FNE subcommittees (and subsequent revisions) form the basis for the nutrient profiles that are published in the annual edition of the AAFCO Official Publication. The formulation method allows a manufacturer to claim ‘complete and balanced’ for a given life stage or life stages when the product is formulated to meet the AAFCO Dog or Cat Food Nutrient Profiles for that life stage(s). These nutrient profiles cover two categories:
 :#Growth and reproduction and
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 For example, a pet food meeting the AAFCO nutritional profile of adult dogs can bear the following statement: ‘(Name of product) is ''‘formulated to meet the nutritional levels established by the AAFCO Dog Food Nutrient Profiles for maintenance of adult dogs.’ The most recent revision of the AAFCO Dog Food Nutrient Profiles include a lower maximum [[Calcium - Nutrition|calcium]] level in foods that MAY be fed to large-breed puppies. All products indicated "for growth" or "for all life stages" and that contain no more than 1.8% Ca on a dry matter basis must include the clause "including growth of large size dogs (70 lbs or more as an adult)." Dog foods exceeding that amount (but still in conformance with the maximum calcium allowance for all dog foods) must state "except for growth of...).''
-=====2) Based on feeding trials=====
+====='' Based on feeding trials''=====
 The second method requires that the manufacturer performs an AAFCO-protocol feeding trial using the food as the sole source of nutrition. The feeding trial method can result in a nutritional adequacy claim for one or more of the following categories:
 :#Gestation and lactation,
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 AAFCO has published minimum testing protocols for adult maintenance, growth and gestation/lactation. A food that successfully completes a gestation/lactation trial, followed by a growth trial using the puppies/kittens from the gestation/lactation trial, can also make a claim for all life stages. The required terminology for labels of pet foods that have passed these tests is: ''‘Animal feeding tests using AAFCO procedures show that (brand YY) provides complete and balanced nutrition for (lifestage xx)’''. The adult maintenance protocol uses a minimum of eight animals that are fed the food as the sole source of nutrition for six months, during which the animals are evaluated for any change in body weight and other clinical signs of nutritional deficiency or excess and blood analyses are performed. Growth protocols include feeding the food for a minimum of 10 weeks during the most critical growth phase to maximize the ability to detect nutritional problems with the food. Evaluation of feeding trials to support nutritional adequacy for pregnant or nursing dogs and cats also looks at additional parameters, such as litter size and puppy/kitten weight at the end of the trial.
-=====Based on product family criteria=====
+=====''Based on product family criteria''=====
 The third method (product family criteria) requires the testing of a representative lead member through the appropriate feeding trials. To be designated a member of the product family, foods must be the same processing type and in the same moisture category, be intended for the same or more restrictive life stages, be similar in energy density (±7.5% kcal/kg on a dry matter basis), and meet other nutritional criteria compared to the lead product. Provided that the calorie content of both products are determined by digestibility trials, product family members are allowed to bear the same "animal feed tests..." statement as found on the tested product.

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-===Introduction===
+==Introduction==
-Pet foods distributed in more than one state of the USA are subject to a host of labelling requirements covering aspects such as product names, ingredient lists, nutrient content guarantees, and nutritional adequacy statements<ref name="Dzanis 08">Dzanis DA. '''Understanding regulations affecting pet foods'''. Top Companion Anim. Med. 2008; 23 (3): 117-120.</ref>. In addition to meeting the federal labelling requirements, animal feed products are also subject to individual state laws. In the United States, the majority of states have adopted and enforce the AAFCO Model Regulations for Pet Food and Specialty Pet Food. [http://www.aafco.org/ AAFCO (The Association of American Feed Control Officials)] is the official source of information on pet food labelling, ingredient definitions, official terms and standardized feed testing methodology.
+Pet foods distributed in more than one state of the USA are subject to a host of labelling requirements covering aspects such as product names, ingredient lists, nutrient content guarantees, and nutritional adequacy statements<ref name="Dzanis 08">Dzanis DA. '''Understanding regulations affecting pet foods'''. Top Companion Anim. Med. 2008; 23 (3): 117-120.</ref>. In addition to meeting the federal labelling requirements, animal feed products are also subject to individual state laws. In the United States, the majority of states have adopted and enforce the AAFCO Model Regulations for Pet Food and Specialty Pet Food<ref>AAFCO - Association of American Feed Control Officials. Official Publication 2015.</ref>. [http://www.aafco.org/ AAFCO (The Association of American Feed Control Officials)] is the official source of information on pet food labelling, ingredient definitions, official terms and standardized feed testing methodology.
 The approach to labelling in Canada is similar to the USA. However, Canada does not regulate pet food labels, except under the broader Consumer Packaging and Labelling Act of the Competition Bureau which covers all retail packages, including requirements for dual language (English/French) declarations. There is a “Guide for the Labelling and Advertising of Pet Foods” which generally follows the AAFCO, although it has no legal force. Most manufacturers in Canada voluntarily choose to follow the AAFCO.
-=== Label Design ===
+== Label Design ==
 [[EU Pet Food Labels|Similar to Europe]], a pet food label is divided into two main parts:
 #the principal display panel and
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-{|border="2" width="80%" align="center" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="4" rules="all" style="margin:1em 1em 1em 0; border:solid 1px #AAAAAA; border-collapse:collapse;empty-cells:show"
+{|border="2" width="70%" align="center" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="4" rules="all" style="margin:1em 1em 1em 0; border:solid 1px #AAAAAA; border-collapse:collapse;empty-cells:show"
 |-
 !colspan="3" bgcolor="#97C7F7"|Table 1. Elements legally required on pet food labels in the United States of America and Canada.

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 Products substantiated by the latter two methods may be subject to re-substantiation upon any changes to the formulation or after 5 years on the market. The label for pet foods that fail to meet AAFCO requirements by any of the three standard methods (feeding trial, product family or formulation) and is not prominently identified as a snack, treat, or supplement must bear the statement: This product is intended for intermittent or supplemental feeding only.
-Veterinary therapeutic foods, which are intended for use by or under the supervision or direction of a veterinarian, must be substantiated for nutritional adequacy by one of the above methods or its label must bear the "intermittent or supplemental" statement as required for all dog and cat foods. However, labels for these foods may bear the statement ‘use only as directed by your veterinarian’ in lieu of feeding directions. Technically, veterinary therapeutic foods are drugs as defined by FFDCA, and have not undergone the approval process as required by the law for drugs. However, FDA exercises enforcement discretion in not taking action against these products provided they meet [http://www.fda.gov/downloads/ICECI/ComplianceManuals/CompliancePolicyGuidanceManual/UCM318761.pdf FDA's guidelines].
+Veterinary therapeutic foods, which are intended for use by or under the supervision or direction of a veterinarian, must be substantiated for nutritional adequacy by one of the above methods or its label must bear the "intermittent or supplemental" statement as required for all dog and cat foods. However, labels for these foods may bear the statement ‘use only as directed by your veterinarian’ in lieu of feeding directions. Technically, veterinary therapeutic foods are drugs as defined by FFDCA, and have not undergone the approval process as required by the law for drugs. However, FDA exercises enforcement discretion in not taking action against these products provided they meet the [http://www.fda.gov/downloads/ICECI/ComplianceManuals/CompliancePolicyGuidanceManual/UCM318761.pdf FDA's guidelines].
 ==== Batch Information ====

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 #Adult maintenance (AAFCO 2015).
-For example, a pet food meeting the AAFCO nutritional profile of adult dogs can bear the following statement: ‘(Name of product) is ‘formulated to meet the nutritional levels established by the AAFCO Dog Food Nutrient Profiles for maintenance of adult dogs.’ The most recent revision of the AAFCO Dog Food Nutrient Profiles include a lower maximum calcium level in foods that MAY be fed to large-breed puppies. All products indicated "for growth" or "for all life stages" and that contain no more than 1.8% Ca on a dry matter basis must include the clause "including growth of large size dogs (70 lbs or more as an adult)." Dog foods exceeding that amount (but still in conformance with the maximum calcium allowance for all dog foods) must state "except for growth of...).
+For example, a pet food meeting the AAFCO nutritional profile of adult dogs can bear the following statement: ‘(Name of product) is ‘formulated to meet the nutritional levels established by the AAFCO Dog Food Nutrient Profiles for maintenance of adult dogs.’ The most recent revision of the AAFCO Dog Food Nutrient Profiles include a lower maximum [[Calcium - Nutrition|calcium]] level in foods that MAY be fed to large-breed puppies. All products indicated "for growth" or "for all life stages" and that contain no more than 1.8% Ca on a dry matter basis must include the clause "including growth of large size dogs (70 lbs or more as an adult)." Dog foods exceeding that amount (but still in conformance with the maximum calcium allowance for all dog foods) must state "except for growth of...).
 The second method requires that the manufacturer performs an AAFCO-protocol feeding trial using the food as the sole source of nutrition. The feeding trial method can result in a nutritional adequacy claim for one or more of the following categories:

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 Almost all dog and cat foods must carry a calorie content statement. This requirement includes all complete and balanced foods and all snacks, treats and non-exempt chew products. The statement is separate from the guaranteed analysis and appears under the heading ‘calorie content’. The declared energy is the metabolizable energy and must be expressed as kilocalories per kilogram (kcal/kg) of product on an ‘as fed’ basis, as well as in kilocalories per familiar household measure (e.g., kcal/cup, kcal/can, per piece). Rawhides, bones, ears and other chews that are exempt from AAFCO registration and labelling requirements are not required to display a calorie content statement. The method of determination (calculated vs. feeding trials) must also be clearly identified in the statement. The method for determining calories by digestibility trials is described in protocols in the AAFCO Official Publication.
-The calculation method, which is also described in the AAFCO Official Publication & AAFCO’s "Business of Pet Food" [www.petfood.aafco.org website], is based on the average analysis (not the guaranteed analysis) and uses the modified Atwater factors: kcal ME/kg = (% crude protein x 3.5 + % NFE x 3.5 + % crude fat x 8.5) x 10, where NFE (the non-structural carbohydrate fraction) is determined by subtracting the combined measured fractions (crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, moisture and ash) from 100.
+The calculation method, which is also described in the AAFCO Official Publication & AAFCO’s "Business of Pet Food" [http://petfood.aafco.org/ website], is based on the average analysis (not the guaranteed analysis) and uses the modified Atwater factors: kcal ME/kg = (% crude protein x 3.5 + % NFE x 3.5 + % crude fat x 8.5) x 10, where NFE (the non-structural carbohydrate fraction) is determined by subtracting the combined measured fractions (crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, moisture and ash) from 100.
 ==== Name and Address ====