Changes

IBDV can '''survive''' in poultry houses for '''122 days''' after removal of infected birds and in contaminated water or feed for 52 days.

IBDV can '''survive''' in poultry houses for '''122 days''' after removal of infected birds and in contaminated water or feed for 52 days.

Of the two known serotypes of IBDV, only '''Serotype I''' is pathogenic, causing bursal disease in '''chicks''' by '''selectively''' infecting the cells of the '''[[Bursa of Fabricius]]'''.

Of the two known serotypes of IBDV, only '''Serotype 1''' is pathogenic, causing bursal disease in '''chicks''' by '''selectively''' infecting the cells of the '''[[Bursa of Fabricius]]'''.

 

==Signalment==

==Signalment==

IBDV can infect chickens, ducks, geese and guineafowl but only '''chickens''' show clinical signs of disease.

IBDV can infect chickens, turkeys, ducks, geese and guineafowl but only '''chickens''' show clinical signs of disease.

Lethal infection is usually seen in chicks '''3-6 weeks old''' due to IBDV being restricted to cells at a certain stage of development.

Lethal infection is usually seen in chicks '''3-6 weeks old''' due to IBDV being restricted to cells at a certain stage of development.

===Laboratory Tests===

===Laboratory Tests===

IBDV antigen can be detected in cloacal bursa or splenic samples by '''Agar Gel Precipitation''' or '''[[Immunofluorescence]]'''.

IBDV antigen can be detected in cloacal bursa or splenic samples by '''Agar Gel Precipitation''' or '''[[Immunofluorescence]]'''. RT-PCR is commonly used to detect IBDV.

'''Antibody [[ELISA testing|ELISA]]''' can be used for serological diagnosis within a flock. A mimimum of 30 samples is required.

'''Antibody [[ELISA testing|ELISA]]''' can be used for serological diagnosis within a flock. A mimimum of 30 samples is required.

'''Hygienic''' measures with appropriate disinfectants are imperative.

'''Hygienic''' measures with appropriate disinfectants are imperative.

'''Vaccination''' is also usually required. Both live and inactivated forms are available. Timing is difficult due to interference of maternal immunity, but oil adjuvanted vaccines can extend maternal immunity to 5 weeks. Vaccination can cause immunosuppression and a degree of bursal damage.

'''Vaccination''' is also usually required. Both live and inactivated forms are available. Timing is difficult due to interference of maternally-derived antibody, but oil adjuvanted vaccines can extend maternal immunity to 5 weeks. Vaccination can cause immunosuppression and a degree of bursal damage.