Difference between revisions of "Avian Intestines - Anatomy & Physiology"
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(New page: <big><center>'''BACK TO THE AVIAN DIGESTIVE TRACT - ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY'''</center></big>) |
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<big><center>[[Avian Digestive Tract - Anatomy & Physiology|'''BACK TO THE AVIAN DIGESTIVE TRACT - ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY''']]</center></big> | <big><center>[[Avian Digestive Tract - Anatomy & Physiology|'''BACK TO THE AVIAN DIGESTIVE TRACT - ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY''']]</center></big> | ||
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+ | ==Structure== | ||
+ | |||
+ | *The inestines occupy the caudal part of the body | ||
+ | |||
+ | *Contacts the reproductive organs and [[The Gizzard - Anamtomy & Physiology|gizzard]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | *The small intestine is long and relatively uniform in shape and size | ||
+ | |||
+ | *There is no demarcation between the [[Jejunum - Anatomy & Physiology|jejunum]] and the [[Ileum - Anatomy & Physiology|ileum]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | *The [[Duodenum - Anatomy & Physiology|duodenum]] passes caudally over the gizzard then loops back towards the stomach where it joins the [[Jejunum - Anatomy & Physiology|jejunum]] | ||
+ | **Arises from the right dorsal aspect of the [[Gizzard - Anatomy & Physiology]] | ||
+ | **Loop lies ventral on the abdominal floor | ||
+ | **The pancreas lies within the loops | ||
+ | **3 pancreatic ducts and one bile duct enter the caudal [[Duodenum - Anatomy & Physiology|duodenum]] at a common papila | ||
+ | |||
+ | *[[Jejunum - Anatomy & Physiology|Jejunum]] | ||
+ | **Loose coils around the mesentery | ||
+ | **Thin walls so content appears green | ||
+ | **Suspended from the dorsal wall of the abdomen by the mesentery | ||
+ | |||
+ | *[[Ileum - Anatomy & Physiology|Ileum]] | ||
+ | **Begins opposite the apices of the caeca or at the vitelline diverticula | ||
+ | **Suspended from the dorsal wall of the abdomen by the mesentery | ||
+ | |||
+ | *A short [[Colon - Anatomy & Physiology|colon]] | ||
+ | **The colon lies ventral to the synasacrum and opens into the cloaca | ||
+ | **Runs ventral to the vertebrae | ||
+ | **Terminates in the coprodeum | ||
+ | |||
+ | *2 caeca from the ileocaecal junction run with the ileum caudally | ||
+ | **Blind sacs about 16-18cm long | ||
+ | **Extend towards the liver then fold back on themselves | ||
+ | **Mesentery runs between the caeca then on towards the [[Ileum - Anatomy & Physiology|ileum]] | ||
+ | **Often contain dark coloured material | ||
+ | **3 parts of each caeca | ||
+ | **Bacterial breakdown of cellulose occurs | ||
+ | |||
+ | *Bile ducts and 3 pancreatic ducts | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ==Vitelline Diverticula== | ||
+ | |||
+ | *Small outgrowth on the [Jejunum - Anatomy & Physiology|jejunum]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | *Former connection will yolk sac | ||
+ | |||
+ | *Also called Meckel's diverticulum | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ==Function== | ||
+ | |||
+ | *See [[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology|small intestine]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ==Vasculature== | ||
+ | |||
+ | *See [[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology|small intestine]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ==Innervation== | ||
+ | |||
+ | *See [[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology|small intestine]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ==Lymphatics== | ||
+ | |||
+ | *Patches of lymphoid nodules are present | ||
+ | |||
+ | *Most abundant in the [[Duodenum - Anatomy & Physiology|duodenum]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ==Histology== | ||
+ | |||
+ | *Caeca | ||
+ | **Serous coat has nerve plexuses | ||
+ | **Columnar epithelium and goblet cells | ||
+ | **Smooth muscle in folds at base | ||
+ | **Caecal sphincter at proximal part containing a lot of lymphoid tissue (caecal tonsil) | ||
+ | **Middle section has thin walls and appears green | ||
+ | **The bulbous blind ends have thicker walls | ||
+ | |||
+ | *See [[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology|small intestine]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ==Species Differences== | ||
+ | |||
+ | *Duck and goose have several loops of 'U' shaped [[Jejunum - Anatomy & Physiology|jejunum]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | *Pigeons have a circular mass of [[Jejunum - Anatomy & Physiology|jejunum]] with inner and outer turns | ||
+ | |||
+ | *Long caeca in turkey and chicken | ||
+ | |||
+ | *Pigeons and song birds have short caeca | ||
+ | |||
+ | *Parrots do not have caeca | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==Links== |
Revision as of 09:11, 15 July 2008
Structure
- The inestines occupy the caudal part of the body
- Contacts the reproductive organs and gizzard
- The small intestine is long and relatively uniform in shape and size
- The duodenum passes caudally over the gizzard then loops back towards the stomach where it joins the jejunum
- Arises from the right dorsal aspect of the Gizzard - Anatomy & Physiology
- Loop lies ventral on the abdominal floor
- The pancreas lies within the loops
- 3 pancreatic ducts and one bile duct enter the caudal duodenum at a common papila
- Jejunum
- Loose coils around the mesentery
- Thin walls so content appears green
- Suspended from the dorsal wall of the abdomen by the mesentery
- Ileum
- Begins opposite the apices of the caeca or at the vitelline diverticula
- Suspended from the dorsal wall of the abdomen by the mesentery
- A short colon
- The colon lies ventral to the synasacrum and opens into the cloaca
- Runs ventral to the vertebrae
- Terminates in the coprodeum
- 2 caeca from the ileocaecal junction run with the ileum caudally
- Blind sacs about 16-18cm long
- Extend towards the liver then fold back on themselves
- Mesentery runs between the caeca then on towards the ileum
- Often contain dark coloured material
- 3 parts of each caeca
- Bacterial breakdown of cellulose occurs
- Bile ducts and 3 pancreatic ducts
Vitelline Diverticula
- Small outgrowth on the [Jejunum - Anatomy & Physiology|jejunum]]
- Former connection will yolk sac
- Also called Meckel's diverticulum
Function
- See small intestine
Vasculature
- See small intestine
Innervation
- See small intestine
Lymphatics
- Patches of lymphoid nodules are present
- Most abundant in the duodenum
Histology
- Caeca
- Serous coat has nerve plexuses
- Columnar epithelium and goblet cells
- Smooth muscle in folds at base
- Caecal sphincter at proximal part containing a lot of lymphoid tissue (caecal tonsil)
- Middle section has thin walls and appears green
- The bulbous blind ends have thicker walls
- See small intestine
Species Differences
- Duck and goose have several loops of 'U' shaped jejunum
- Pigeons have a circular mass of jejunum with inner and outer turns
- Long caeca in turkey and chicken
- Pigeons and song birds have short caeca
- Parrots do not have caeca