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==Introduction==

'''Lymphocytic cholangitis''' is a slowly progressive chronic disease characterised by infiltration of the portal areas of the liver with inflammatory cells, mostly [[Lymphocytes - Introduction|lymphocytes]] and [[B cell differentiation#Plasma cells|plasma cells]].  Bile duct hypertrophy and [[Liver Fibrosis|fibrosis]] are present.  However, lymphocytic cholangitis does not progress to biliary [[Cirrhosis|cirrhosis]].  An immune-mediated aetiology has been postulated but this has not been substantiated to date.  It is rarely associated with [[Pancreatitis|pancreatitis]], compared to [[Cholangitis, Neutrophilic]]

 

 

==Description==

'''Lymphocytic cholangitis''' is a slowly progressive chronic disease characterised by infiltration of the portal areas of the liver with inflammatory cells, mostly [[Lymphocytes - Introduction|lymphocytes]] and [[B cell differentiation#Plasma cells|plasma cells]].  Bile duct hypertrophy and [[Liver Fibrosis|fibrosis]] are present.  However, lymphocytic cholangitis does not progress to biliary [[Cirrhosis|cirrhosis]].  An immune-mediated aetiology has been postulated but this has not been substantiated to date.  It is rarely associated with [[Pancreatitis - Dog and Cat|pancreatitis]], compared to [[Cholangitis, Neutrophilic]]

==Signalment==

==Signalment==

Young to middle-aged cats, 50% are under 4 years old.

Young to middle-aged cats, 50% are under 4 years old. Persians are often predisposed.

==Diagnosis==

==Diagnosis==

History of chronic waxing and waning low-grade illness.

History of chronic waxing and waning low-grade illness.

Vague clinical signs which may include anorexia, depression, weight loss, intermittent [[Vomiting|vomiting]] and [[Diarrhoea|diarrhoea]], [[Icterus|jaundice]],lymphadenomegaly. Severe illness and pyrexia is less likely compared to [[Cholangitis, Neutrophilic]].   

Vague clinical signs which may include anorexia, depression, weight loss, intermittent [[Vomiting|vomiting]] and [[Diarrhoea|diarrhoea]], [[Icterus|jaundice]],lymphadenomegaly. Severe illness and pyrexia is less likely compared to [[Cholangitis, Neutrophilic]].   

Some cats in the UK are polyphagic and are frequently presented with ascites and/or jaundice.

Some cats in the UK are polyphagic and are frequently presented with ascites and/or jaundice. Many show hepatomegaly and some have generalised lymphadenopathy. Possible sequel is chronic biliary cirrhosis and ascites. Due to the likelihood of liver being affected too, [[Hepatic Encephalopathy|hepatic encephalopathy]] and bleeding disorders may occur.

===Laboratory Tests===

===Laboratory Tests===

==Prognosis==

==Prognosis==

Poor due to the waxing and waning feature of this disease.  In cats, this disease does not usually progress to end-stage cirrhosis and therefore it does not usually result in death, which is in contrast to dogs.

Poor due to the waxing and waning feature of this disease.  In cats, this disease does not usually progress to end-stage cirrhosis and therefore it does not usually result in death, which is in contrast to dogs.

==References==

==References==

Marks, S.L. (2003). '''Update on the Diagnosis and Management of Feline Cholangiohepatitis''' ''Waltham Feline Medicine Symposium''.

Marks, S.L. (2003). '''Update on the Diagnosis and Management of Feline Cholangiohepatitis''' ''Waltham Feline Medicine Symposium''.

[[Category:Gall_Bladder_and_Tract_-_Pathology]][[Category:To_Do_-_Caz]]

 

[[Category:Cat]][[Category:Dog]]

 

 

 

[[Category:Gall_Bladder_and_Tract_-_Pathology]]]]

[[Category:Gall Bladder and Tract Diseases - Cat]][[Category:Gall Bladder and Tract Diseases - Dog]]

[[Category:Expert_Review]]

[[Category:Expert_Review]]