Corpus Luteum - Anatomy & Physiology

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()Map REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM (Map)
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE TRACT
THE OVARY



  • After ovulation, the wall of the ruptured follicular cavity folds in.
  • Slight haemorrhage occurs at the site of ovulation and fills the former cavity.
  • This is known as the Corpus Haemorrhagicum.
  • As the blood is resorbed, a solid Corpus Luteum is formed by proliferation of granulosa and theca intera cells as well as blood vessels. This remains on the surface of the ovary.
  • In the non-pregnant animal, corpora lutea are transient structures.
  • Cyclic corpora lutea undergo proliferation and vascularisation directly after ovulation.
  • The corpora lutea then regress and degenerate into a connective tissue scar, the Corpus Albicans.
  • If the ovum is fertilised, the corpus luteum remains fully developed and active throughout at least part of the pregnancy.
  • Corpora lutea produce progesterone.
  • Progesterone prepares and maintains the uterus for implantation of the fertilised ovum.