Difference between revisions of "Gut Endocrine Function - Anatomy & Physiology"
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− | Various regions of the [[Alimentary - Anatomy & Physiology|Alimentary Tract]] secrete [[Endocrine System - Hormones - Anatomy & Physiology|hormones]] which have various functions within the | + | Various regions of the [[Alimentary - Anatomy & Physiology|Alimentary Tract]] secrete [[Endocrine System - Hormones - Anatomy & Physiology|hormones]] which have various functions within the gastrointestinal tract itself, plus the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology |
+ | |liver]], gall bladder and [[Pancreas - Anatomy & Physiology| | ||
+ | pancreas]]. | ||
Many of the hormones act in a ''paracrine'' fashion, exerting their effect on cells close to the secretion site without travelling in the bloodstream. | Many of the hormones act in a ''paracrine'' fashion, exerting their effect on cells close to the secretion site without travelling in the bloodstream. |
Revision as of 09:08, 3 July 2008
Various regions of the Alimentary Tract secrete hormones which have various functions within the gastrointestinal tract itself, plus the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology
|liver]], gall bladder and
pancreas.
Many of the hormones act in a paracrine fashion, exerting their effect on cells close to the secretion site without travelling in the bloodstream.
Hormone | Site of Secretion within GIT | Action |
---|---|---|
Cholecystokinin | Duodenum | Stimulates digestion of fat and protein by causing release of digestive enzymes and bile from the pancreas and gall bladder. |
Gastrin | G-Cells in Stomach and duodenum | Stimulates Parietal cells in the stomach to secrete HCl and Chief cells to secrete pepsinogen. |
Gastric Inhibitory Peptide | Duodenum and Jejunum | Inhibits gastric motility and HCl secretion in the stomach, induces insulin secretion. |
Ghrelin | Stomach and Pancreas | Increases food intake (by stimulating hunger) at the level of the hypothalamus. |
Secretin | Crypts of Leiberkuhn in the Duodenum | Causes secretion of bicarbonate to buffer the pH of the chyme entering the small intestine. Also triggers insulin release. |
Somatostatin | Gastric glands of the stomach | Inhibits release of gastrin and HCl from the stomach, inhibits secretin and cholecystokinin release from the duodenum and inhibits release of glucagon from the pancreas. |