Difference between revisions of "Oestrus ovis"

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*Also known as the sheep nasal bot fly
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{{OpenPagesTop}}
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{{Taxobox
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|name              = Oestrus ovis
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|kingdom            = Animalia
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|phylum            = [[:Category:Arthropods|Arthropoda]]
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|class              = [[Insecta]]
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|sub-class          =
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|order              = Diptera
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|super-family      =
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|family            = [[Oestridae]]
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|sub-family        =
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|genus              =
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|species            =
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}}
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Also known as: '''''Sheep nasal bot fly
  
*Larvae parasitise the nasal chambers of sheep and goats
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==Hosts==
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''Oestrus ovis'' is of the family [[Oestridae]], and is primarily seen in sheep and goats, but occasionally seen in ibex, camels and humans.
  
*Found in most sheep rearing areas of the world
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==Identification==
  
 +
The adult fly is 13-15mm in length and grey in colour, with black spots along the abdomen.
  
'''Recognition'''
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Mature larvae are around 30mm and are yellow in colour. They have distinct black bands along the dorsal body segment.
*13-15mm long
 
  
*Grey colouring
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==Life cycle==
 +
The female is viviparous and infects the host by squirting larvae into the nostrils of sheep in a jet of liquid.
  
*Black spots on abdomen
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The larvae crawl caudally into the nasal cavity and feed on the nasal mucosa and mature, before returning to the nostrils. The larvae move to the frontal sinuses, where they transform from L2 to L3.  They only move to the frontal sinuses under warm conditions.  If these conditions are not achieved, the larvae will stay in the nostrils for an extended period of time, until the warm conditions come about.
  
*Clear wings
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The larvae are then sneezed out into the ground, and pupate on the ground.  The adults develop, and are active throughout the year.  Adult flies only live for 2-3 weeks
  
*Larvae have distinct black bands on each body segment
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{{Learning
 +
|flashcards = [[Myiasis_Producing_Flies_Flashcards|Myiasis Producing Flies Flashcards]]
 +
|videos = [[Oestrus ovis in the head of a sheep video|''Oestrus ovis'' in the head of a sheep video]]
 +
|literature search = [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=title%3A%28%22Oestrus+ovis%22%29 ''Oestrus ovis'' publications]
 +
|Vetstream = [https://www.vetstream.com/canis/Content/Disease/dis60301.asp Myiasis]
 +
}}
  
  
'''Life cycle'''
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{{review}}
*Larvae are squirted into the nostrils of sheep in a jet of liquid by the adult fly
 
  
*The larvae crawl caudally into the nasal cavity and feed on the nasal mucosa and mature before returning to the nostrils
+
{{OpenPages}}
 
 
*Larval development takes up to 2 months
 
**Larvae can overwinter in the nasal cavity if deposited late in the summer
 
 
 
*Once the larvae have developed they are sneezed out and pupate on the ground
 
 
 
*The adult fly emerges 1 months later
 
 
 
*Adult flies only live for 2-3 weeks
 
 
 
 
 
'''Pathogenesis'''
 
*Adult flies cause annoyance
 
**Interrupts feeding
 
**Leads to a decreased weight gain
 
 
 
*Larvae cause nasal irritation, nasal discharge and sneezing
 
**Irritate the nasal mucosa with oral hooks and spines causing a viscous exudate to be produced from which they feed
 
**Heavy infestations lead to erosion of the bones in the sinuses (turbinate bones)
 
**Penetration of the brain leads to '''false gid''' (high stepping gait and incoordination)
 
 
 
*[[Respiratory Parasitic Infections - Pathology#Oestrus ovis|Pathology in the nasal cavity]]
 
 
 
 
 
'''Control'''
 
*Systemic [[Ectoparasiticides|insecticides]] can be used in heavy infestations
 
 
 
*In warmer countries, strategic prophylactic treatment can be used
 
  
 
[[Category:Oestridae]]
 
[[Category:Oestridae]]
[[Category:To_Do_-_Parasites]]
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[[Category:Expert_Review - Parasites]]
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[[Category:Respiratory Parasitic Infections]][[Category:Sheep Parasites]][[Category:Goat Parasites]]

Latest revision as of 17:33, 4 June 2016


Oestrus ovis
Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Arthropoda
Class Insecta
Order Diptera
Family Oestridae

Also known as: Sheep nasal bot fly

Hosts

Oestrus ovis is of the family Oestridae, and is primarily seen in sheep and goats, but occasionally seen in ibex, camels and humans.

Identification

The adult fly is 13-15mm in length and grey in colour, with black spots along the abdomen.

Mature larvae are around 30mm and are yellow in colour. They have distinct black bands along the dorsal body segment.

Life cycle

The female is viviparous and infects the host by squirting larvae into the nostrils of sheep in a jet of liquid.

The larvae crawl caudally into the nasal cavity and feed on the nasal mucosa and mature, before returning to the nostrils. The larvae move to the frontal sinuses, where they transform from L2 to L3. They only move to the frontal sinuses under warm conditions. If these conditions are not achieved, the larvae will stay in the nostrils for an extended period of time, until the warm conditions come about.

The larvae are then sneezed out into the ground, and pupate on the ground. The adults develop, and are active throughout the year. Adult flies only live for 2-3 weeks


Oestrus ovis Learning Resources
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Vetstream
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Canis, Felis, Lapis or Equis
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Flashcards
Test your knowledge using flashcard type questions
Myiasis Producing Flies Flashcards
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Videos
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Oestrus ovis in the head of a sheep video
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Literature Search
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Oestrus ovis publications





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