Palpable Points of the Dog - Anatomy & Physiology


Forelimb

Shoulder

Skeleton

  • Spine
  • Scapula - spine, cranial angle, supraglenoid tubercle, acromion

Joint

  • Flexion, extension, some abduction
  • Joint cavity

Soft tissue

  • Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, superficial and deep pectorals
  • Biceps brachii tendon of origin
  • Superficial cervical lymph node
  • Brachial artery

Brachium

Skeleton

  • Humeral shaft
  • Greater and lesser tubercles
  • Intertubercular groove
  • Crest of the major tubercle
  • Condyle and epicondyles

Soft tissue

  • Biceps brachii
  • Triceps brachii
  • Brachialis
  • Deltoid (acromial part)

Elbow and Antebrachium

Skeleton

  • Radial head
  • Olecranon
  • Coronoid process
  • Styloid process of radius and ulna

Joint

  • Flexion and extension

Soft tissue

  • Insertion of the triceps on the olecranon
  • Extensor carpi radialis and common digital extensor
  • Flexor carpi ulnaris and ulnaris lateralis
  • Ligaments of the elbow
  • Median artery pulse
  • Cephalic vein venipuncture

Carpus and Metacarpus

Skeleton

  • Accessory carpal bone and each metacarpal bone

Joint

  • Flexion and extension

Soft tissue

  • Termination of flexor carpi ulnaris and ulnaris lateralis on the accessory carpal bone
  • Carpal canal
  • Superficial digital flexor
  • Carpal pad

Metacarpophalangeal Joints and Phalanges

  • Each individual phalanx
  • Flexion and extension of each MP and interphalangeal joint
  • Flexor tendons crossing the palmar surface of the metacarpals and middle phalanx
  • Claws of the digits
  • Metacarpal pad and digital pads
  • Digital artery

Hindlimb

Pelvis and Hip

Skeleton

  • Tuber coxae and tuber sacrale
  • Ischiatic tuberosity, arch and pubic tuberosity
  • Greater trochanter of the femur
  • Rectal examination is useful for diagnosing pelvic fractures

Joint

  • Flexion and extension

Soft tissue

  • Superficial and middle gluteal muscles
  • Sacroiliac ligament

Thigh and Stifle

Skeleton

  • Femoral shaft
  • Greater trochanter
  • Condyles
  • Trochlear ridges
  • Patella and fabellae

Joint

  • Flexion, extension and mild rotation

Soft tissue

  • Quadriceps femoris, Biceps femoris, Semitendinosus and Semimembranosus
  • Patellar, collateral and cruciate ligaments
  • Femoral artery
  • Popliteal lymph node

Crus and Tarsus

Skeleton

  • Tibial shaft, tibial tuberosity, cranial border and medial malleolus
  • Fibular shaft, fibular head and lateral malleolus
  • Trochlea of talus and tuber calcaneii

Joint

  • Flexion and extension

Soft tissue

  • Cranial tibialis, long digital extensor, gastrocnemius and superficial digital flexor
  • Achilles tendon, collateral ligaments and plantar ligament
  • Dorsal pedal artery, lateral cephalic vein and tarsal pad

Metatarsus and Phalanges

  • As for forelimb



Palpable Points of the Dog - Anatomy & Physiology Learning Resources
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Canine Whole Body Skeletal Anatomy Resource
Canine Whole Body Surface Anatomy Resources (I, II & III)



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