Difference between revisions of "Psoroptes cuniculi"

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(Created page with '*Parasite of rabbits *Common among conventional rabbits *Transmitted via contact *Adapted to living in an aural environment '''Pathogenesis''' *The ears are painful and inte…')
 
 
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*Parasite of rabbits
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{{OpenPagesTop}}
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{{Taxobox
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|name              = Psoroptes
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|kingdom            = Animalia
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|phylum            = [[:Category:Arthropods|Arthropoda]]
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|class              = [[:Category:Arachnida|Arachnida]]
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|sub-class          = Acari
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|order              = Sarcoptiformes
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|super-family      =
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|family            = Psoroptidae
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|sub-family        =
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|genus              = Psoroptes
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|species            = ''Psoroptes cuniculi                                                                                 
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}}
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Also known as: '''''Ear canker mite
  
*Common among conventional rabbits
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==Introduction==
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[[Image:Psoroptes cuniculi.jpg|150px|thumb|right|'''Psoroptes cuniculi (Sourced from Joel Mills, Wikimedia Commons) ''']]
  
*Transmitted via contact
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''Psoroptes cuniculi'' is a [[:Category:Non-Burrowing Mites|non-burrowing parasite]], of the class ''Arachnida'' and is seen worldwide. It is found on the ears of the infected host and is generally seen in relatively small amounts.  However, occasionally they will proliferate and the infection will become severe resulting in [[Psoroptic Mange|mange]]. In rabbits, they cause [[Mites – Rabbit#Psoroptiasis|Ear Canker]].
  
*Adapted to living in an aural environment
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Predilection site: '''Ears
  
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==Hosts==
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Commonly of rabbits, but also seen in goats, sheep and horses.
  
'''Pathogenesis'''
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==Identification==
*The ears are painful and intensely pruritic
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Adults mite grow up to around 0.75mm in length.  The legs are long and jointed, bearing suckers on the ends on pairs 1, 2, and 4 in the female and 1, 2, and 3 in the male. The adults also have very characteristic pointed mouthparts.
  
*Affected rabbits shake their heads and scratch their ears
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It is highly likely that ''P. cuniculi'' is simply an adaptation of the species ''[[Psoroptes ovis]]''.
  
*The inner surfaces of the pinnae are covered with brown, scaly, fetid material, and the skin beneath is raw
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==Life Cycle==
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The egg hatches forming an hexapod larvae. The larvae then moults forming a protonymph, which further moults to form a tritonymph, which then moults to become an adult.  Each stage takes around two days, totalling to an approximate 10 day life cycle.
  
*Mites are grossly visible
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{{Learning
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|literature search = [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?rowId=1&options1=AND&q1=%22Psoroptes+cuniculi%22&occuring1=title&rowId=2&options2=AND&q2=&occuring2=freetext&rowId=3&options3=AND&q3=&occuring3=freetext&x=56&y=10&publishedstart=yyyy&publishedend=yyyy&calendarInput=yyyy-mm-dd&la=any&it=any&show=all ''Psoroptes cuniculi'' publications]
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|flashcards = [[Small Mammals Q&A 21]]
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|Vetstream = [https://www.vetstream.com/canis/search?s=mite Mites]
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}}
  
*Histologically, there is chronic erosive and proliferative eosinophilic dermatitis
 
**The mites are non-burrowing and thus are found only in the exudate, not in the tissue
 
  
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{{review}}
  
'''Diagnosis'''
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{{OpenPages}}
*Microscopic examination for mites (low magnification)
 
  
*Appearance
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[[Category:Non-Burrowing Mites]]
 
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[[Category:Rabbit Parasites]]
 
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[[Category:Expert_Review - Exotics]]
'''Control'''
 
*Infestations are difficult to eliminate from a colony
 
**Ivermectin is usually effective
 
[[Category:Rabbit]]
 

Latest revision as of 17:18, 4 June 2016


Psoroptes
Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Arthropoda
Class Arachnida
Sub-class Acari
Order Sarcoptiformes
Family Psoroptidae
Genus Psoroptes
Species Psoroptes cuniculi

Also known as: Ear canker mite

Introduction

Psoroptes cuniculi (Sourced from Joel Mills, Wikimedia Commons)

Psoroptes cuniculi is a non-burrowing parasite, of the class Arachnida and is seen worldwide. It is found on the ears of the infected host and is generally seen in relatively small amounts. However, occasionally they will proliferate and the infection will become severe resulting in mange. In rabbits, they cause Ear Canker.

Predilection site: Ears

Hosts

Commonly of rabbits, but also seen in goats, sheep and horses.

Identification

Adults mite grow up to around 0.75mm in length. The legs are long and jointed, bearing suckers on the ends on pairs 1, 2, and 4 in the female and 1, 2, and 3 in the male. The adults also have very characteristic pointed mouthparts.

It is highly likely that P. cuniculi is simply an adaptation of the species Psoroptes ovis.

Life Cycle

The egg hatches forming an hexapod larvae. The larvae then moults forming a protonymph, which further moults to form a tritonymph, which then moults to become an adult. Each stage takes around two days, totalling to an approximate 10 day life cycle.


Psoroptes cuniculi Learning Resources
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Small Mammals Q&A 21
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Psoroptes cuniculi publications





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