Difference between revisions of "Systemic Mycoses - Flashcards"

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!width="150"|'''Article'''
 
!width="150"|'''Article'''
 
|-
 
|-
|<big>'''What clinical signs present with an infection of entomophthoromycisus?'''
+
|<big>'''True or False: Histoplasmosis infections occur solely through ingestion of fungal spores'''
 
||<font color="white"> <big>
 
||<font color="white"> <big>
*'''''Ulcerative granulomas in subcutaneous tissue'''''
+
*'''''False'''''
*'''''Large lesions affecting the skin on the head, neck and chest which have fistulous tracts extending to the lymph nodes'''''
+
*'''''Infection is through both ingestion and respiratory'''''
 +
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Histoplasmosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''Which organs/bodily systems are affected?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''Reticuloendothelial'''''
 +
*'''''Pulmonary'''''
 +
*'''''Intestines'''''
 +
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Histoplasmosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''Histoplasma capsulatum are found intracellularly in which type of cell?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''Macrophages'''''
 +
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Histoplasmosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''How would you diagnose an infection?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''Clinical signs'''''
 +
*'''''Complement fixation test'''''
 +
*'''''Counterimmunoelectrodiffusion'''''
 +
*'''''Immunodiffusion'''''
 +
*'''''A positive skin test indicates exposure only (not an active infection)'''''
 +
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Histoplasmosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''How would you treat an infection?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''Amphotericin B'''''
 +
*'''''If Amphotericin B is contra-indicated, imidazoles can be given'''''
 +
*''''In acute and disseminated cases, the prognosis is poor'''''
 
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Histoplasmosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Histoplasmosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 
|}
 
|}
 
<br>
 
<br>
 +
==<font color="purple">Zygomycosis</font>==
 +
{| border="3" cellpadding="8"
 +
!width="400"|'''Question'''
 +
!width="400"|'''Answer'''
 +
!width="150"|'''Article'''
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''Which fungi cause zygomycosis?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''Mucor'''''
 +
*'''''Absidia'''''
 +
*'''''Rhizopus'''''
 +
*'''''Mortierella'''''
 +
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Zygomycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''Describe the general pathogenesis of zygomycosis infections?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''Infection is through inhalation and ingestion'''''
 +
*'''''Lymph nodes of the repiratory and ailimentary tract are infected'''''
 +
*'''''Lymph nodes enlarge and become caseous'''''
 +
*'''''Causes stomach and intestinal ulcers'''''
 +
*'''''Lesions are usually localised (can become generalised)'''''
 +
*'''''Granulomatous lesions can ulcerate'''''
 +
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Zygomycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''Where do lesions occur in pigs?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''Mediastinal and submandibular lymph nodes'''''
 +
*'''''Stomach ulcers'''''
 +
*'''''Embolic tumours in the lungs and liver'''''
 +
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Zygomycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''Where do lesions occur in cattle?'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''Mediastinal, bronchial and mesenteric lymph nodes'''''
 +
*'''''Ulcers in the nasal cavity and abomasum'''''
 +
*'''''Can contaminate the placenta'''''
 +
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Zygomycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''True or False: Zygomycosis are common labaratory contaminants'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''True'''''
 +
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Zygomycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|-
 +
|<big>'''How would you treat an infection'''
 +
||<font color="white"> <big>
 +
*'''''Amphotericin B'''''
 +
*'''''Surgical excision'''''
 +
||[[Systemic Mycoses#Zygomycosis|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]]
 +
|}

Revision as of 11:45, 17 May 2009

Infectious agents and parasitesWikiBugs Banner.png
SYSTEMIC MYCOSES
WIKIBUGS FLASHCARDS


Adiaspiromycosis

Question Answer Article
What is the pathogenesis of an adiaspiromycosis infection?
  • Non-contageous
  • Pulmonary mycosis
  • Respiratory infection
Link to Answer Article
Which animals are mostly affected?
  • Rodents
  • Small animals
Link to Answer Article


Aspergillosis

Question Answer Article
Fill in the missing words about aspergillosis infections Aspergiollosis is found worldwide. It is widely present in nature and can colonise a wide range of substrates under different environmental conditions. It is abundant in hay, straw and grain which have heated during storage. Link to Answer Article
What are the clinical signs of infection in birds?
  • Diarrhoea
  • Listlessness
  • Pyrexia
  • Loss of appetite
  • Loss of condition
  • Convulsions
  • Death
Link to Answer Article
What do aspergillosis lesions look like in cattle?
  • Up to 2mm in diameter
  • Lesions contain asteroid bodies with a germinated spore in the centre
  • Miliary lesions in acute infections
  • Granulomatous and calcified lesions in chronic infections
Link to Answer Article
What diseases does aspergillosis infections cause in horses?
  • Gutteral pouch mycosis
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary airway disease (COPD)
  • Mycotic abortion
Link to Answer Article
What do colonies look like on Sabauraud's Dextrose agar?
  • White colonies initially
  • Colonies turn green and then dark green
  • Flat and velvety
  • Colony colour varies with species
Link to Answer Article
How would you treat an infection of aspergillosis?
  • Surgery
  • Antifungal drugs
    • Ketoconazole
    • Nystatin
    • Amphotericin B
    • 5-fluorocytosine
    • Thiabendazole
Link to Answer Article


Blastomycosis

Question Answer Article
Describe the pathogenesis of a blastomycosis infection?
  • Respiratory infection
  • Lesions start in the lungs
  • Haematogenous dissemination
  • Can be found in lesions in the eyes, brain, bones, skin and genitalia
  • Fatal if not treated
  • Skin lesions may ulcerate forming granulomatous nodules
Link to Answer Article
What do colonies look like on Blood agar?
  • Cream coloured
  • Waxy
  • Crinkled
Link to Answer Article
What do colonies look like on Sabauraud's Dextrose agar?
  • Grey coloured
  • Moist
  • White cotton-like mycelium which turns tan, brown and then black
Link to Answer Article
How would you diagnose an infection?
  • Clinical signs
  • Complement fixation test
  • ELISA
  • Counterimmunoelectrophoresis
Link to Answer Article
How would you treat an infection?
  • Amphotericin B
  • Imidazoles
Link to Answer Article


Coccidioidomycosis

Question Answer Article
What environmental conditions does Coccidioides immitis prefer?
  • Arid
  • Dusty
  • E.g. Mexico and the South-Western USA
Link to Answer Article
Describe the pathogenesis of coccidiomycosis infections?
  • Respiratory infection
  • Causes localised nodules and granulomas
  • Lesions usually seen in the mediastinal lymph nodes and lungs
  • Dissemination can occur to the lungs, liver, spleen, brain and bones
Link to Answer Article
How would you diagnose an infection?
  • Clinical signs
  • Complement fixation test
  • Latex agglutination
  • Immunodiffusion
  • A positive skin test indicates exposure
Link to Answer Article


Entomophthoromycisus

Question Answer Article
What clinical signs present with an infection of entomophthoromycisus?
  • Ulcerative granulomas in subcutaneous tissue
  • Large lesions affecting the skin on the head, neck and chest which have fistulous tracts extending to the lymph nodes
Link to Answer Article
How would you treat an infection?
  • Surgical excision
  • Amphotericin B
  • Ketoconazole
Link to Answer Article


Histoplasmosis

Question Answer Article
True or False: Histoplasmosis infections occur solely through ingestion of fungal spores
  • False
  • Infection is through both ingestion and respiratory
Link to Answer Article
Which organs/bodily systems are affected?
  • Reticuloendothelial
  • Pulmonary
  • Intestines
Link to Answer Article
Histoplasma capsulatum are found intracellularly in which type of cell?
  • Macrophages
Link to Answer Article
How would you diagnose an infection?
  • Clinical signs
  • Complement fixation test
  • Counterimmunoelectrodiffusion
  • Immunodiffusion
  • A positive skin test indicates exposure only (not an active infection)
Link to Answer Article
How would you treat an infection?
  • Amphotericin B
  • If Amphotericin B is contra-indicated, imidazoles can be given
  • 'In acute and disseminated cases, the prognosis is poor
Link to Answer Article


Zygomycosis

Question Answer Article
Which fungi cause zygomycosis?
  • Mucor
  • Absidia
  • Rhizopus
  • Mortierella
Link to Answer Article
Describe the general pathogenesis of zygomycosis infections?
  • Infection is through inhalation and ingestion
  • Lymph nodes of the repiratory and ailimentary tract are infected
  • Lymph nodes enlarge and become caseous
  • Causes stomach and intestinal ulcers
  • Lesions are usually localised (can become generalised)
  • Granulomatous lesions can ulcerate
Link to Answer Article
Where do lesions occur in pigs?
  • Mediastinal and submandibular lymph nodes
  • Stomach ulcers
  • Embolic tumours in the lungs and liver
Link to Answer Article
Where do lesions occur in cattle?
  • Mediastinal, bronchial and mesenteric lymph nodes
  • Ulcers in the nasal cavity and abomasum
  • Can contaminate the placenta
Link to Answer Article
True or False: Zygomycosis are common labaratory contaminants
  • True
Link to Answer Article
How would you treat an infection
  • Amphotericin B
  • Surgical excision
Link to Answer Article