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<big><center>[[Avian Digestive Tract - Anatomy & Physiology|'''BACK TO THE AVIAN DIGESTIVE TRACT''']]</center></big>
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[[Image:Kestrel beak.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Beak of a kestrel - Copyright nabrown RVC]]
 
==Introduction==
 
==Introduction==
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In avian species, the [[Lips - Anatomy & Physiology|lips]] and [[Cheeks - Anatomy & Physiology|cheeks]] are replaced by the [[Skin - Anatomy & Physiology#Cutaneous Appendages|beak]].
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In avian species, the [[Lips|lips]] and [[Cheeks|cheeks]] are replaced by the [[Skin - Anatomy & Physiology#Cutaneous Appendages|beak]].  
 
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The [[Skin - Anatomy & Physiology#Cutaneous Appendages|beak]] is an area of dense, horny skin overlying the incisive bones of the mandible.
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No modern birds possess [[Oral Cavity - Teeth & Gingiva - Anatomy & Physiology|teeth]], however rudimentary [[Oral Cavity - Teeth & Gingiva - Anatomy & Physiology#Anatomy of the Enamel Organ|enamel organs]] have been discovered in the embryos of some birds.
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The [[Integument of Exotic Species - Anatomy & Physiology#The Beak|beak]] is an area of dense, horny skin overlying the [[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology#Incisive Bone (os incisivium)|incisive bones]] of the [[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology#Mandible (mandibula)|mandible]].
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No modern birds possess [[:Category:Teeth - Anatomy & Physiology|teeth]], however rudimentary [[Tooth - Anatomy & Physiology|enamel organs]] have been discovered in the embryos of some birds.
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==Links==
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The size and structure of the avian [[Avian Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]] varies between species; it is related to the functional requirements of each species.
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[[Lips - Anatomy & Physiology]]
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The [[Avian Hard Palate|avian hard palate]] contains a slit-like opening called the choanal opening which communicates with the nasal pharynx.
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[[Cheeks - Anatomy & Physiology]]
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[[Image:Avian Tongue and Oral Cavity.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Avian Tongue - Copyright RVC 2008]]
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[[Oral Cavity - Teeth & Gingiva - Anatomy & Physiology|Teeth - Anatomy & Physiology]]
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{{Template:Learning
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|flashcards = [[The Avian Alimentary Tract - Anatomy & Physiology - Flashcards|Avian Alimentary Tract]]
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|OVAM = [http://www.onlineveterinaryanatomy.net/content/interactive-avian-anatomy-bucopharyngeal-cavity-4 Avian Interactive Anatomy - Bucopharyngeal Cavity 1]<br>[http://www.onlineveterinaryanatomy.net/content/interactive-avian-anatomy-bucopharyngeal-cavity-3 Avian Interactive Anatomy - Bucopharyngeal Cavity 2]<br>[http://www.onlineveterinaryanatomy.net/content/interactive-avian-anatomy-bucopharyngeal-cavity-2 Avian Interactive Anatomy - Bucopharyngeal Cavity 3]<br>[http://www.onlineveterinaryanatomy.net/content/interactive-avian-anatomy-bucopharyngeal-cavity-1 Avian Interactive Anatomy - Bucopharyngeal Cavity 4]<br>[http://www.onlineveterinaryanatomy.net/content/interactive-avian-anatomy-bucopharyngeal-cavity-5 Avian Interactive Anatomy - Bucopharyngeal Cavity 5]<br>[http://www.onlineveterinaryanatomy.net/content/interactive-avian-anatomy-bucopharyngeal-cavity-0 Avian Interactive Anatomy - Bucopharyngeal Cavity 6]
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}}
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[[Skin - Anatomy & Physiology#Cutaneous Appendages|Beak - Anatomy & Physiology]]
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{{OpenPages}}
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[[Category:Avian Alimentary System - Anatomy & Physiology]]
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[[Category:A&P Done]]
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