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== Introduction ==

== Introduction ==

Subclinical reinfections are important in spreading disease and more than 70% of cattle in the UK have antibodies to BRSV.

Subclinical reinfections are important in spreading disease and more than 70% of cattle in the UK have antibodies to BRSV.

== Signalment ==

== Signalment ==

It can cause disease in adult cattle too however, it is more severe in young stock.

It can cause disease in adult cattle too however, it is more severe in young stock.

== Clinical Signs ==

== Clinical Signs ==

Clinical signs include [[Pulmonary Emphysema|emphysema]] and [[Pulmonary Oedema|oedema]]. In adult cattle, you may see a drop in milk yield.  

Clinical signs include [[Pulmonary Emphysema|emphysema]] and [[Pulmonary Oedema|oedema]]. In adult cattle, you may see a drop in milk yield.  

== Diagnosis ==

== Diagnosis ==

Antigen detection by '''immunocytochemistry''' for intracytoplasmic viral inclusions containing labelled viral protein can also be performed as well as serology. A 4-fold rise in ELISA antibody in paired serum samples from several animals is indicative of the disease.

Antigen detection by '''immunocytochemistry''' for intracytoplasmic viral inclusions containing labelled viral protein can also be performed as well as serology. A 4-fold rise in ELISA antibody in paired serum samples from several animals is indicative of the disease.

== Treatment and Control ==

== Treatment and Control ==

Treatment with antibiotics is often used to treat secondary infections and lessen clinical signs and help the body focus on eliminating the virus.  

Treatment with antibiotics is often used to treat secondary infections and lessen clinical signs and help the body focus on eliminating the virus.  

It is important to try to improve husbandry as in [[Bovine Parainfluenza - 3 (PI-3)#Secondary_Concerns|PI-3]] in order to prevent the disease from occurring. Avoiding mixing of different aged calves is very important in the control of the disease, as is good hygiene.

It is important to try to improve husbandry as in [[Bovine Parainfluenza - 3#Treatment and Control|PI-3]] in order to prevent the disease from occurring. Avoiding mixing of different aged calves is very important in the control of the disease, as is good hygiene.

 

[[Vaccines]] are available but not effective as need to stimulate [[Lymphocytes#Cytotoxic_CD8.2B|cytotoxic T-cells]].

== References ==

== References ==

[[Category:Pneumovirinae]] [[Category:Cattle_Viruses]] [[Category:Expert_Review - Farm Animal]] [[Category:Respiratory_Viral_Infections]]

[[Category:Pneumovirinae]] [[Category:Cattle_Viruses]] [[Category:Expert_Review - Farm Animal]] [[Category:Respiratory_Viral_Infections]]

[[Category:Respiratory Diseases - Cattle]]

[[Category:Respiratory Diseases - Cattle]]