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A [[Hazard - WikiVPH|hazard]] is something that is potentially harmful - to humans, animals or the environment. There are many different hazards to humans that can arise in food. This section will describe the main ones.

A [[hazard - WikiVPH|Hazard]] is something that is potentially harmful - to humans, animals or the environment. There are many different hazards to humans that can arise in food. This section will describe the main ones.

They are:

They are:

=Foreign Bodies=

==Foreign Bodies==

Foreign body contamination is the main cause of customer complaints & litergation relating to food hazards in the UK & other develooped countries. The foreign bodies may be metal, stone, plastic, hair etc.... Cereals, bread & flour are most commonly affected followed by processed meats, poultry & fish. Deteection systems may be in place. They may consist of metal detectors, X-ray machines or just visual inspection (1).

Foreign body contamination is the main cause of customer complaints & litergation relating to food hazards in the UK & other develooped countries. The foreign bodies may be metal, stone, plastic, hair etc.... Cereals, bread & flour are most commonly affected followed by processed meats, poultry & fish. Deteection systems may be in place. They may consist of metal detectors, X-ray machines or just visual inspection (1).

=Pathogenic Organisms & their Toxins=

==Pathogenic Organisms & their Toxins==

Most overt food borne disease is caused by this category of hazards. Consequently this section will be dealt with in depth, see [[Foodborne Pathogenic Organisms - WikiVPH|Foodborne Pathogenic Organisms]].

Most overt food borne disease is caused by this category of hazards. Consequently this section will be dealt with in depth, see [[Foodborne Pathogenic Organisms - WikiVPH|Foodborne Pathogenic Organisms]].

=Chemical Hazards=

===Chemical Hazards===

See [[Chemical Hazards - WikiVPH|Chemical Hazards]]

See [[Chemical Hazards - WikiVPH|Chemical Hazards]]

Although unusual, contamination of livestock with caesium-137 occurred after the Chernobyl nuclear power plant disaster in 1986.

Although unusual, contamination of livestock with caesium-137 occurred after the Chernobyl nuclear power plant disaster in 1986.

=Genetically Modified (GM) Foods=

==Genetically Modified (GM) Foods==

In this context this refers to organisms who have have had their genetic make up altered by molecular bioengineering. This can bring about transgenic organisms that carry genes taken from different species.

In this context this refers to organisms who have have had their genetic make up altered by molecular bioengineering. This can bring about transgenic organisms that carry genes taken from different species.

See [http://www.efsa.europa.eu/EFSA/KeyTopics/efsa_locale-1178620753812_GMO.htm| EFSA-Genetically Modified Organisms]

See [http://www.efsa.europa.eu/EFSA/KeyTopics/efsa_locale-1178620753812_GMO.htm| EFSA-Genetically Modified Organisms]

=[[References - WikiVPH|References]]=

==[[References - WikiVPH|References]]==