Difference between revisions of "Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology"
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==Introduction== | ==Introduction== | ||
| − | The tongue (lingua) occupies the ventral aspect of the [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]] and oropharynx. Itis involved with grooming, lapping, prehension and manipultaing food in [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]]. It is also involved in the [[Deglutition|deglutition]] reflex and vocalisation. | + | The tongue (lingua) occupies the ventral aspect of the [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]] and [[Oral Cavity - Oropharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|oropharynx]]. Itis involved with grooming, lapping, prehension and manipultaing food in [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]]. It is also involved in the [[Deglutition|deglutition]] reflex and vocalisation. |
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| + | The tongue is capable of vigerous and precise movements due to the apex being free of attachments to the [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]]. | ||
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| + | ==Functional Anatomy== | ||
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| + | *Skeletal muscle dorsally | ||
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| + | *Structural fat surrounded by cartilagenous sheath forming lyssa ventrally | ||
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| + | *Attached root and body with a free apex | ||
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| + | *Frenulum (fold of mucosa) attaches the body of the tongue to the floor of the [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]] | ||
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| + | *Root of tongue attached to hyoid bone | ||
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| + | *In the horse and dog the tongue is 'u' shaped, becoming broader towards the tip. The furrow in the centre of the canid tongue is called the median sulcus. | ||
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| + | *In the ox, sheep and pig the tongue if 'v' shaped with a pointed apex. The tonus linguae is a swelling across the tongue laterally which pushes food against the [[Hard Palate - Anatomy & Physiology|hard palate]]. | ||
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| + | ==Muscles== | ||
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| + | ==Innervation== | ||
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| + | ==Histology== | ||
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| + | *Lingual glands | ||
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| + | *Mucosal covering tightly adheres to the contact surface | ||
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| + | *Degree of keratinisation depends on diet | ||
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| + | ==Taste Buds== | ||
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| + | ==Species Differences== | ||
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| + | *Dog has stretch receptors in the tongue | ||
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| + | *Dog uses the tongue to lose heat by panting | ||
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| + | *Ruminant tongue is heavily keratinised | ||
Revision as of 15:30, 1 July 2008
Introduction
The tongue (lingua) occupies the ventral aspect of the oral cavity and oropharynx. Itis involved with grooming, lapping, prehension and manipultaing food in oral cavity. It is also involved in the deglutition reflex and vocalisation.
The tongue is capable of vigerous and precise movements due to the apex being free of attachments to the oral cavity.
Functional Anatomy
- Skeletal muscle dorsally
- Structural fat surrounded by cartilagenous sheath forming lyssa ventrally
- Attached root and body with a free apex
- Frenulum (fold of mucosa) attaches the body of the tongue to the floor of the oral cavity
- Root of tongue attached to hyoid bone
- In the horse and dog the tongue is 'u' shaped, becoming broader towards the tip. The furrow in the centre of the canid tongue is called the median sulcus.
- In the ox, sheep and pig the tongue if 'v' shaped with a pointed apex. The tonus linguae is a swelling across the tongue laterally which pushes food against the hard palate.
Muscles
Innervation
Histology
- Lingual glands
- Mucosal covering tightly adheres to the contact surface
- Degree of keratinisation depends on diet
Taste Buds
Species Differences
- Dog has stretch receptors in the tongue
- Dog uses the tongue to lose heat by panting
- Ruminant tongue is heavily keratinised