Difference between revisions of "Category:Leptospiraceae"

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*Serovars are fairly host-specific, causing mild disease in the maintenance host, with shedding in the urine
 
*Serovars are fairly host-specific, causing mild disease in the maintenance host, with shedding in the urine
 
*Maintenance hosts may transmit the infection to incidental hosts, which are less susceptible to infection, but develop serious disease
 
*Maintenance hosts may transmit the infection to incidental hosts, which are less susceptible to infection, but develop serious disease
* May cause severe systemic disease, resulting in [[Intestines Fibrinous/Haemorrhagic Enteritis - Pathology#Bacterial septicaemia and enteritis|enteritis]]
+
* May cause severe systemic disease, resulting in [[Septicaemia and Enteritis, Bacterial|enteritis]]
  
 
*Pathogenesis and pathogenicity
 
*Pathogenesis and pathogenicity

Revision as of 21:55, 1 June 2010

Leptospiraceae

Content



Leptospira

  • Motile, helical bacteria found in aquatic environments
  • Require liquid media for culture
  • Cause leptospirosis in all animals, which can range from mild urogenital tract infections to systemic diseases
  • Organisms persist in kidney tubules or genital tract of carrier animals and are shed in urine
  • Transmission via direct contact
  • Serovars are fairly host-specific, causing mild disease in the maintenance host, with shedding in the urine
  • Maintenance hosts may transmit the infection to incidental hosts, which are less susceptible to infection, but develop serious disease
  • May cause severe systemic disease, resulting in enteritis
  • Pathogenesis and pathogenicity
    • Depends on virulence of the serovar and susceptibility of the host
    • Leptospires invade tissues through moist skin or via mucous membranes, aided by their motility
    • Leptospires may invade via receptor-mediated endocytosis
    • They disseminate through the body via the blood stream
    • Antibodies clear organisms from the blood stream after about 10 days of infection
    • Organisms may persist in the renal tubules, uterus, eye or meninges
    • Evade phagocytosis possibly via macrophage apoptosis
    • Damage red blood cell membranes and endothelial and liver cells, leading to haemolytic anaemia, jaundice, haemoglobin pigmentation, haemoglobinuria and haemorrhage in acute leptospirosis
  • Diagnosis
    • Clinical signs and history of exposure
    • Dark-field microscopy of urine may detect organisms
    • Isolation from blood or urine by culture or animal inoculation
    • Identificaiton or certain serovars using DNA probes and serology
    • FLuorescent antibody technique for identification in tissues
    • Silver impregnation
    • Molecular techniques such as PCR
    • Serology using microscopic agglutination test or ELISA

Pages in category "Leptospiraceae"

This category contains only the following page.