Difference between revisions of "Respiratory System Clinical Signs - Pathology"

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*Respiratory noise
 
*Respiratory noise
  
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===Epistaxis===
 
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*Haemorrhage from the nose
 
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*May originate from nasopharynx or lower respiratory tract
 
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*Causes
 
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**Inflammation eg: [[Nasal Cavity Inflammatory - Pathology|ulcerative rhinitis]]
 
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**Neoplasia eg: [[Nasal Cavity Hyperplastic and Neoplastic - Pathology|infiltrating tumour]], haemangioma
 
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**Trauma
 
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**Clotting defects
 
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*'''Horse''':
 
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**[[Nasal Cavity Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of rhinitis|Nasal aspergillosis]]
 
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**[[Nasal Cavity Hyperplastic and Neoplastic - Pathology#Progressive ethmoidal haematoma|Ethmoidal haematoma]] = 'Haemorrhagic nasal polyp', 'Progressive haematoma' - arise from the ethmoid region and can extend to fill the nasal cavity. They can be difficult to control as they can recur after surgery.
 
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***Histology - multiple areas of acute to chronic haemorrhage within a fibrous tissue stroma.
 
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**[[Lungs Circulatory - Pathology#Pulmonary haemorrhage|Exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage]]
 
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**Rupture of rectus capitus - profuse haemorrhage
 
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**[[Guttural Pouches Inflammatory - Pathology|Mycotic infection of guttural pouches]]
 
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**Nasolacrimal haemorrhage
 
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**Nasal/pharyngeal trauma/foreign body
 
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**[[Paranasal Sinuses Hyperplastic and Neoplastic - Pathology|Sinus neoplasia]]
 
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**[[Nasal Cavity Hyperplastic and Neoplastic - Pathology#Nasal and paranasal sinus cysts|Sinus cyst]]
 
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**[[Paranasal Sinuses Inflammatory - Pathology|Sinusitis]]
 
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**Lower airway disease
 
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**[[Lungs Hyperplastic and Neoplastic - Pathology|Pulmonary neoplasia]]
 
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**Cardiac
 
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***Mitral insufficiency
 
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***Atrial fibrillation
 
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**Skeletal
 
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***Head trauma
 
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**Rarely hypertension or vascular aneurysms
 
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*Blood stained nose at post-mortem - terminal pulmonary congestion, oedema, haemorrhage
 
  
  

Revision as of 14:51, 19 July 2010

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()Map CARDIORESPIRATORY SYSTEM (Map)
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM



Nasal discharge

  • Bilateral discharge:
  • Unilateral discharge:
    • Lesion is cranial to nasal septum eg: nasal or sinus lesion; pharyngeal or guttural pouch lesion in horses.
  • Type of discharge
    • Serous
    • Catarrhal
    • Purrulent
    • Haemorrhage

Sneezing

  • Nasal


Facial swelling


Pain

  • Any location


Coughing


Dyspnoea/altered air flow

  • Respiratory noise


Dysphagia



  • Equine respiratory disease by clinical signs
    • Contains pictures and videos
    • From Equine Respiratory Diseases edited by P. Lekeux, published by the International Veterinary Information Service (IVIS)
    • Requires IVIS membership
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