Difference between revisions of "Avian Intestines - Anatomy & Physiology"
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==Structure== | ==Structure== | ||
− | + | The '''inestines''' occupy the caudal part of the body. They contact the reproductive organs and the '''[[Gizzard - Anatomy & Physiology|gizzard]]'''. The '''small intestine''' is long and relatively uniform in shape and size. There is no demarcation between the '''[[Jejunum - Anatomy & Physiology|jejunum]]''' and the '''[[Ileum - Anatomy & Physiology|ileum]]'''. | |
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− | + | [[Image:Duodenum Avian Anatomy.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Anatomy of the Avian Duodenum and Pancreas - RVC 2008]] | |
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− | + | The '''[[Duodenum - Anatomy & Physiology|duodenum]]''' passes caudally over the '''[[Gizzard - Anatomy & Physiology|gizzard]]''' then loops back towards the stomach where it joins the '''[[Jejunum - Anatomy & Physiology|jejunum]]'''. It arises from the right dorsal aspect of the '''[[Gizzard - Anatomy & Physiology|gizzard]]'''. The loop lies ventral on the abdominal floor and the '''[[Pancreas - Anatomy & Physiology|pancreas]]''' lies within the loops. 3 '''pancreatic ducts''' and one '''bile duct''' enter the caudal '''[[Duodenum - Anatomy & Physiology|duodenum]]''' at a common papila. | |
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− | + | ===[[Jejunum - Anatomy & Physiology|Jejunum]]=== | |
− | + | The jejunum has loose coils around the mesentery. It has thin walls so its content appears green. It is suspended from the dorsal wall of the abdomen by the mesentery. | |
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− | + | ===[[Ileum - Anatomy & Physiology|Ileum]]=== | |
− | + | The ileum begins opposite the apices of the '''caeca''' or at the '''vitelline diverticula'''. It is suspended from the dorsal wall of the abdomen by the mesentery . | |
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− | + | [[Image:Colon and Caeca Anatomy Avian.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Anatomy of the Avian Colon and Caeca - RVC 2008]] | |
− | == | + | ===[[Colon - Anatomy & Physiology|colon]]=== |
− | [[ | + | The short colon lies ventral to the '''synsacrum''' and opens into the '''[[Avian Vent and Cloaca - Anatomy & Physiology|cloaca]]'''. It runs ventral to the vertebrae and terminates in the '''coprodeum'''. Amino acids and glucose can be absorbed here. |
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− | + | 2 '''caeca''' from the '''ileocaecal junction''' run with the '''ileum''' caudally. They are blind sacs, about 16-18cm long. They extend towards the [[Avian Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] then fold back on themselves. The mesentery runs between the caeca then on towards the [[Ileum - Anatomy & Physiology|ileum]]. It often contains dark coloured material. There are 3 parts of each caeca. It is where the bacterial breakdown of cellulose occurs. Antiperistaltic movements transport chyme and the caeca are emptied a few times per day. Unlike mammals, there are no lacteals in the epithelium. | |
− | + | ===Vitelline Diverticula=== | |
+ | [[Image:Vitelline Diverticula.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Vitelline Diverticula Anatomy- RVC 2008]] | ||
+ | The vitelline diverticula is a small outgrowth on the '''[[Jejunum - Anatomy & Physiology|jejunum]]'''. It is the former connection with the yolk sac. It is also called '''Meckel's diverticulum'''. | ||
==Function== | ==Function== | ||
− | + | See '''[[Small Intestine Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|small intestine overview]]'''. | |
==Vasculature== | ==Vasculature== | ||
− | + | See '''[[Small Intestine Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|small intestine overview]]'''. | |
==Innervation== | ==Innervation== | ||
− | + | See '''[[Small Intestine Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|small intestine overview]]'''. | |
==Lymphatics== | ==Lymphatics== | ||
− | + | Patches of lymphoid nodules are present in '''[[Peyer's Patches - Anatomy & Physiology|Peyer's Patches]]'''. They are most abundant in the '''[[Duodenum - Anatomy & Physiology|duodenum]]'''. There are no mesenteric lymph nodes. | |
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==Species Differences== | ==Species Differences== | ||
− | + | The '''duck''' and '''goose''' have several loops of 'U' shaped [[Jejunum - Anatomy & Physiology|jejunum]]. '''Pigeons''' have a circular mass of [[Jejunum - Anatomy & Physiology|jejunum]] with inner and outer turns. A long caeca is present in the '''turkey''' and '''chicken'''. '''Pigeons''' and song birds have a short caeca. '''Parrots''' do not have caeca. The dorsal and ventral lobes of the [[Pancreas - Anatomy & Physiology|pancreas]] are connected dorsally in '''poultry'''. | |
− | + | ==Links== | |
− | + | '''Test Yourself with the [[The Avian Alimentary Tract - Anatomy & Physiology - Flashcards|Avian Alimentary Tract Flashcards]]''' | |
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− | [[The Avian Alimentary Tract - Anatomy & Physiology - Flashcards|Avian Alimentary Tract Flashcards]] | ||
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− | [[:Category:Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology|Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology]] | + | '''Click here for information on the [[:Category:Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology|Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology]]''' |
− | [[:Category:Large Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology|Large Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology]] | + | '''Click here for more information on the [[:Category:Large Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology|Large Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology]]''' |
+ | '''Click here for [[Avian Intestines - Histology|Avian histology]]''' | ||
[[Category:Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology]] | [[Category:Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology]] | ||
[[Category:Avian Alimentary System - Anatomy & Physiology]] | [[Category:Avian Alimentary System - Anatomy & Physiology]] | ||
− | [[Category:To Do - | + | [[Category:To Do - AimeeHicks]] |
Revision as of 08:32, 10 September 2010
Structure
The inestines occupy the caudal part of the body. They contact the reproductive organs and the gizzard. The small intestine is long and relatively uniform in shape and size. There is no demarcation between the jejunum and the ileum.
The duodenum passes caudally over the gizzard then loops back towards the stomach where it joins the jejunum. It arises from the right dorsal aspect of the gizzard. The loop lies ventral on the abdominal floor and the pancreas lies within the loops. 3 pancreatic ducts and one bile duct enter the caudal duodenum at a common papila.
Jejunum
The jejunum has loose coils around the mesentery. It has thin walls so its content appears green. It is suspended from the dorsal wall of the abdomen by the mesentery.
Ileum
The ileum begins opposite the apices of the caeca or at the vitelline diverticula. It is suspended from the dorsal wall of the abdomen by the mesentery .
colon
The short colon lies ventral to the synsacrum and opens into the cloaca. It runs ventral to the vertebrae and terminates in the coprodeum. Amino acids and glucose can be absorbed here.
2 caeca from the ileocaecal junction run with the ileum caudally. They are blind sacs, about 16-18cm long. They extend towards the liver then fold back on themselves. The mesentery runs between the caeca then on towards the ileum. It often contains dark coloured material. There are 3 parts of each caeca. It is where the bacterial breakdown of cellulose occurs. Antiperistaltic movements transport chyme and the caeca are emptied a few times per day. Unlike mammals, there are no lacteals in the epithelium.
Vitelline Diverticula
The vitelline diverticula is a small outgrowth on the jejunum. It is the former connection with the yolk sac. It is also called Meckel's diverticulum.
Function
Vasculature
Innervation
Lymphatics
Patches of lymphoid nodules are present in Peyer's Patches. They are most abundant in the duodenum. There are no mesenteric lymph nodes.
Species Differences
The duck and goose have several loops of 'U' shaped jejunum. Pigeons have a circular mass of jejunum with inner and outer turns. A long caeca is present in the turkey and chicken. Pigeons and song birds have a short caeca. Parrots do not have caeca. The dorsal and ventral lobes of the pancreas are connected dorsally in poultry.
Links
Test Yourself with the Avian Alimentary Tract Flashcards
Click here for information on the Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology
Click here for more information on the Large Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology
Click here for Avian histology