Type II Hypersensitivity

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IMMUNOLOGY
HYPERSENSITIVITY



Type II Hypersensitivity-Brian Catchpole RVC 2008

Introduction

Production of IgM or IgG to cell surface antigens or extracellular matrix proteins.

Mechanism

"Neutralisation" blockade of receptors:

  • Antibodies attach to receptors which prevents other molecules attaching.
  • For example in myasthenia gravis antibodies attach to acetylcholine receptors which in turn prevents acetylcholine from attaching to the receptor and thus muscle contraction of that cell does not occur.


Immunological attack on target cells, destroying them by (see diagram):

1. Antibody dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC)

2. Complement mediated lysis

3. Phagocytosis