Classical Swine Fever
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Description
Classical swine fever is a highly contagious, haemorrhagic disease of swine which is caused by a Togavirus. Presentation may be actue, sub-acute, chronic or persistent, and the disease is indistinguishable in the field from African Swine Fever. Acutely, classical swine fever is characterised by severe depression, high fever and superficial and internal haemorrhages, with many cases resulting in death. Depression, anorexia and pyrexia are seen in chronic classical swine fever. Transplacental infection is also possible and results in persistently infected piglets.
Aetiology
The Classical Swine Fever Virus is a Togavirus. Togaviruses belong to the genus Pestivirus, within the Flaviviridae family. The virus is enveloped, and has a positive-sense, single stranded RNA genome that is approximately 12.3Kb long. Classical swine fever virus is closely related to the bovine viral diarrhoea virus of cattle, and the border disease virus of sheep.
Signalment
Pathogenesis
Diagnosis
Clinical Signs
Laboratory Tests
Pathology
Treatment
Control
- NOTIFIABLE disease
- Vaccination (live attenuated) in endemic countries:
- Parts of EU are using vaccinated bait to control spread in wild boar population
- Vaccination does not curtail spread: marker vaccine needed to distinguish virus exposure from vaccine-induced antibody