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====Types of Gingival and Mucogingival Flaps====

====Types of Gingival and Mucogingival Flaps====

An envelope flap is a gingival flap (i.e. does not extend apical to the mucogingival junction) created by making a sulcular incision and elevating some of the attached gingiva on the lingual and buccal aspects with no vertical releasing incisions.

An envelope flap is a gingival flap (i.e. does not extend apical to the mucogingival junction) created by making a sulcular incision and elevating some of the attached gingiva on the lingual and buccal aspects with no vertical releasing incisions.

An extended envelope flap is useful for extraction of several adjacent teeth. <span style="color:#ff0000"> Two types of mucogingival flaps (i.e. incisions extend apical to the mucogingival junction) can be used. Flaps used for extraction procedures are full-thickness flaps that also include the periosteum. BARA DOES THIS MAKE SENSE TO YOU?</span>

 

An extended envelope flap is useful for extraction of several adjacent teeth.  

 

Two types of mucogingival flaps (i.e. incisions extend apical to the mucogingival junction) can be used. Flaps used for extraction procedures are full-thickness flaps that also include the periosteum.  

*A triangle flap is a mucogingival flap consisting of a sulcular incision and one vertical releasing incision.

*A triangle flap is a mucogingival flap consisting of a sulcular incision and one vertical releasing incision.

*A pedicle flap is a sulcular incision with two vertical releasing incisions, this flap provides the best exposure.

*A pedicle flap is a sulcular incision with two vertical releasing incisions, this flap provides the best exposure.

==Technique for Surgical Extraction of an Upper Canine==   

==Technique for Surgical Extraction of an Upper Canine==