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|pagetitle =Enteritis, Fibrinous/Haemorrhagic
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<categorytree mode=pages>Enteritis, Fibrinous/Haemorrhagic</categorytree>
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==Pathology==
 
==Pathology==
    
* The mucosa eroded to produce lesions of darkish-red submucosa covered in dry, crumbly fibrin.
 
* The mucosa eroded to produce lesions of darkish-red submucosa covered in dry, crumbly fibrin.
 
* Is usually caused by severe damage due to secondary bacterial infection following an earlier milder insult.
 
* Is usually caused by severe damage due to secondary bacterial infection following an earlier milder insult.
* Tends to be more severe in the lower [[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology|small intestine]] and upper [[Large Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology|large intestine]].  
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* Tends to be more severe in the lower [[Small Intestine Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|small intestine]] and upper [[Large Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology|large intestine]].  
 
** Many severe infections tend to get worse further down the gut.  
 
** Many severe infections tend to get worse further down the gut.  
*** Catarrhal change may be seen in the upper [[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology|small intestine]] and fibrinous change in the lower [[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology|small intestine]]s.
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*** Catarrhal change may be seen in the upper [[Small Intestine Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|small intestine]] and fibrinous change in the lower [[Small Intestine Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|small intestine]]s.
 
** In the lower aprt of the bowel, where the inflammation is more severe, disease is more anaerobic.
 
** In the lower aprt of the bowel, where the inflammation is more severe, disease is more anaerobic.
 
*** Lesions are caused by anaerobic organisms- convert mild diseases into more serious disease.
 
*** Lesions are caused by anaerobic organisms- convert mild diseases into more serious disease.
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==[[Salmonellosis]]==
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==[[Swine Dysentery]]==
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==[[Parvovirus Enteritis]]==
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[[Septicaemia and Enteritis, Bacterial]]
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Includes:[[Lamb Dysentery]][[Struck]]
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===[[Lamb Dysentery]] (Enterotoxaemia with Blood)===
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* [[:Category:Enteropathogenic and Enterotoxaemic Clostridia|''Clostridium perfringens'']] causes very severe acute haemorrhagic enteritis.
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** Usually affects young farm animals
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*** May also be seen in pets.
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* Type B [[:Category:Enteropathogenic and Enterotoxaemic Clostridia|''Clostridium perfringens'']] infection of lambs leads to '''lamb dysentery'''. 
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====Clinical====
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* Lamb dysentery is usually seen in lambs under 2 weeks of age.
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** Related to being kept in a cold, dirty environment, with build-up of infection during the lambing season. 
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* Lambs may produce bloodstained [[Intestine Diarrhoea - Pathology|diarrhoea]] before death, but they often die before this effect is apparent.
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* Diagnosed by culturing contents of gut.
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====Pathology====
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=====Gross=====
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* The gut is blown and distended with foamy ,bloody contents.
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* Sometimes ulceration with perforation and fibrinousperitonitis is seen.
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* Focal or diffuse congestion and haemorrhages.
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=====Histological=====
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*Coagulative necrosis of villi.
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* Oedema.
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* Haemorrhage.
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* Influx of inflammatory cells in the lamina propria and submucosa.
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====Similar Conditions====
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* '''Piglets''' show similar disease caused by [[:Category:Enteropathogenic and Enterotoxaemic Clostridia|''Clostridium perfringens'']] type C (and sometimes type B)
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** May look similar to a volvulus but with no twist present.
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* In '''adult sheep''' [[:Category:Enteropathogenic and Enterotoxaemic Clostridia|''Clostridium perfringens'']] type B infection causes '''Struck'''.
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** Enterotoxigenic gastritis.
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** Acute sudden death with haemorrhagic enteritis
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** Haemorrhagic enteritis is not as severe as in lambs, and tends to be more patchy.
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===[[Colitis X]]===
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* Affects the horse.
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* Sudden onset with haemorrhages throughout body (shock) and sometimes acute foul smelling diarhoea.
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* [[Colon - Anatomy & Physiology|colon]] is acutely haemorhagic and oedematous with mucosal necrosis.
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* Associated with [[:Category:Enteropathogenic and Enterotoxaemic Clostridia|''Clostridium perfringens'']].
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* Possibly an enterotoxaemia.
   
[[Category:Intestine_-_Inflammatory_Pathology_by_Type]]
 
[[Category:Intestine_-_Inflammatory_Pathology_by_Type]]
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