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===Congenital atelectasis===
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===[[Pulmonary Congenital Atelectasis]]===
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*Incomplete expansion of the lung at birth (congenital) or collapse of previously air-filled lung ([[Lungs Ventilation - Pathology#Atelectasis (Collapse)|acquired]])
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*Failure of lung tissue to expand at birth
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*Ranges from total in stillborn animals to patchy areas in the case of weak neonates, showing more in the dependant lobes in recumbency
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*'''The neonatal respiratory syndrome'''
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**Best documented in foals but reported in other species
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**Also features extensive atelectasis
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**These animals are called 'barkers' due to the noise made during forced expiration
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*Gross pathology:
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**Red fleshy appearance to the affected part, depressed below the surface if there are adjacent normal aerated areas
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**Cut surface oozes blood, perhaps some froth in 'barkers'
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**Affected areas sink or are submerged in fixative
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*Micro pathology:
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**Close approximation of capillary walls
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**Little normal alveolar pattern
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**'Barkers' may have a proteinaceous fluid in alveoli with hyaline membranes in lower airways
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*Cause:
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**In weak neonates -inadequate respiratory effort or damage to the respiratory centres in the brain, aspiration of amniotic fluid or meconium
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**In 'barkers'- defective production of surfactant by the Type 2 alveolar epithelium
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*Foals that survive may have hypoxic damage to their brain, walk aimlessly and lack normal sense of fear - "wanderers"
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[[Category:Lungs - Developmental Pathology]]
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[[Category:Respiratory System - Developmental Pathology]]
      
===Congenital lobar emphysema===
 
===Congenital lobar emphysema===
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