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Diffuse Fibrosing Alveolitis (view source)
Revision as of 18:50, 19 February 2011
, 18:50, 19 February 2011no edit summary
Diffuse Fibrosing Alveolitis/ Interstitial Pneumonia
Diffuse Fibrosing Alveolitis/ [[Interstitial Pneumonia]]
*Diffuse inflammatory process which occurs distal to the terminal bronchioles
*Diffuse inflammatory process which occurs distal to the terminal bronchioles
*Characterised by thickening and fibrosis of the alveolar walls
*Characterised by thickening and fibrosis of the alveolar walls
*The precise underlying aetiology of this condition is obscure and it is likely to represent the end stage of a variety of initial insults including '''EAA''' and [[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Acute bovine pulmonary emphysema and oedema (ABPEE)|fog fever]]
*The precise underlying aetiology of this condition is obscure and it is likely to represent the end stage of a variety of initial insults including '''EAA''' and [[Acute Bovine Pulmonary Emphysema and Oedema|fog fever]]
*Progression from an acute exudative phase through a proliferative phase (proliferation of type II pneumocytes) to a final irreversible stage of fibrosis is the hallmark of DFA
*Progression from an acute exudative phase through a proliferative phase (proliferation of type II pneumocytes) to a final irreversible stage of fibrosis is the hallmark of DFA
*The rate of the ensuing fibrosis is heavily dependant on the intensity of the inflammation associated with it
*The rate of the ensuing fibrosis is heavily dependant on the intensity of the inflammation associated with it
*Underlying pathogenesis of the fibrosis is complex and involves a relative increase of type I collagen fibres (dense, high tensile strength) over type III fibres (reticulin)
*Underlying pathogenesis of the fibrosis is complex and involves a relative increase of type I collagen fibres (dense, high tensile strength) over type III fibres (reticulin)
*Stimulation of fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition are thought to be induced by macrophage derived cytokines, e.g. IL-1, TGFalpha and TGFbeta, GM-CSF
*Stimulation of fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition are thought to be induced by macrophage derived cytokines, e.g. IL-1, TGFalpha and TGFbeta, GM-CSF
[[Image:Diffuse fibrosing alveolitis.jpg|right|thumb|150px|<small><center>Diffuse fibrosing alveolitis (Image sourced from Bristol Biomed Image Archive with permission)</center></small>]]
*Chronic disease of adult cattle occuring sporadically
*Probably caused by repeated subclinical incidents of fog fever or farmer's lung
*[[Extrinsic Allergic Bronchio-Alveolitis|'''Farmer's Lung''']]
**Extrinsic allergic alveolitis
**Hypersensitivity of ingested or inhaled moulds
**May occur as an outbreak or sporadically in adult cattle
*'''Hypersensitivity diseases''' often cause an lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia
*Chronic interstitial pneumonia progresses to fibrosis
**Sometimes called '''pneumonitis'''
[[Category:Allergic Respiratory Diseases]][[Category:To Do - Blood]][[Category:To Do - Clinical]]
[[Category:Allergic Respiratory Diseases]][[Category:To Do - Blood]][[Category:To Do - Clinical]]
[[Category:Type III Hypersensitivity Diseases]]
[[Category:Bronchi and Bronchioles - Pathology]]
[[Category:Respiratory System - Inflammatory Pathology]]