Difference between revisions of "Diffuse Fibrosing Alveolitis"
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| − | Diffuse Fibrosing Alveolitis/ Interstitial Pneumonia | + | Diffuse Fibrosing Alveolitis/ [[Interstitial Pneumonia]] |
*Diffuse inflammatory process which occurs distal to the terminal bronchioles | *Diffuse inflammatory process which occurs distal to the terminal bronchioles | ||
*Characterised by thickening and fibrosis of the alveolar walls | *Characterised by thickening and fibrosis of the alveolar walls | ||
| − | *The precise underlying aetiology of this condition is obscure and it is likely to represent the end stage of a variety of initial insults including '''EAA''' and [[ | + | *The precise underlying aetiology of this condition is obscure and it is likely to represent the end stage of a variety of initial insults including '''EAA''' and [[Acute Bovine Pulmonary Emphysema and Oedema|fog fever]] |
*Progression from an acute exudative phase through a proliferative phase (proliferation of type II pneumocytes) to a final irreversible stage of fibrosis is the hallmark of DFA | *Progression from an acute exudative phase through a proliferative phase (proliferation of type II pneumocytes) to a final irreversible stage of fibrosis is the hallmark of DFA | ||
*The rate of the ensuing fibrosis is heavily dependant on the intensity of the inflammation associated with it | *The rate of the ensuing fibrosis is heavily dependant on the intensity of the inflammation associated with it | ||
*Underlying pathogenesis of the fibrosis is complex and involves a relative increase of type I collagen fibres (dense, high tensile strength) over type III fibres (reticulin) | *Underlying pathogenesis of the fibrosis is complex and involves a relative increase of type I collagen fibres (dense, high tensile strength) over type III fibres (reticulin) | ||
*Stimulation of fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition are thought to be induced by macrophage derived cytokines, e.g. IL-1, TGFalpha and TGFbeta, GM-CSF | *Stimulation of fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition are thought to be induced by macrophage derived cytokines, e.g. IL-1, TGFalpha and TGFbeta, GM-CSF | ||
| + | |||
| + | [[Image:Diffuse fibrosing alveolitis.jpg|right|thumb|150px|<small><center>Diffuse fibrosing alveolitis (Image sourced from Bristol Biomed Image Archive with permission)</center></small>]] | ||
| + | *Chronic disease of adult cattle occuring sporadically | ||
| + | *Probably caused by repeated subclinical incidents of fog fever or farmer's lung | ||
| + | *[[Extrinsic Allergic Bronchio-Alveolitis|'''Farmer's Lung''']] | ||
| + | **Extrinsic allergic alveolitis | ||
| + | **Hypersensitivity of ingested or inhaled moulds | ||
| + | **May occur as an outbreak or sporadically in adult cattle | ||
| + | |||
| + | *'''Hypersensitivity diseases''' often cause an lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia | ||
| + | *Chronic interstitial pneumonia progresses to fibrosis | ||
| + | **Sometimes called '''pneumonitis''' | ||
Latest revision as of 18:50, 19 February 2011
Diffuse Fibrosing Alveolitis/ Interstitial Pneumonia
- Diffuse inflammatory process which occurs distal to the terminal bronchioles
- Characterised by thickening and fibrosis of the alveolar walls
- The precise underlying aetiology of this condition is obscure and it is likely to represent the end stage of a variety of initial insults including EAA and fog fever
- Progression from an acute exudative phase through a proliferative phase (proliferation of type II pneumocytes) to a final irreversible stage of fibrosis is the hallmark of DFA
- The rate of the ensuing fibrosis is heavily dependant on the intensity of the inflammation associated with it
- Underlying pathogenesis of the fibrosis is complex and involves a relative increase of type I collagen fibres (dense, high tensile strength) over type III fibres (reticulin)
- Stimulation of fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition are thought to be induced by macrophage derived cytokines, e.g. IL-1, TGFalpha and TGFbeta, GM-CSF
- Chronic disease of adult cattle occuring sporadically
- Probably caused by repeated subclinical incidents of fog fever or farmer's lung
- Farmer's Lung
- Extrinsic allergic alveolitis
- Hypersensitivity of ingested or inhaled moulds
- May occur as an outbreak or sporadically in adult cattle
- Hypersensitivity diseases often cause an lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia
- Chronic interstitial pneumonia progresses to fibrosis
- Sometimes called pneumonitis