Author, Donkey, Bureaucrats, Administrators
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moved Joints Causes and Response to Injury - Pathology to Joint Response to Injury
===Causes of injury ===
===Causes of injury ===
===Reaction to injury===
===Reaction to injury===
*[[Joints - normal#Articular cartilage|Articular cartilage]] has limited ability to regenerate
*[[Joints - Anatomy & Physiology#Articular cartilage|Articular cartilage]] has limited ability to regenerate
**Superficial defects are long standing
**Superficial defects are long standing
***Chondrocyte hyperplasia is ineffective at filling the defect
***Chondrocyte hyperplasia is ineffective at filling the defect
***Non-painful
***Non-painful
**Defects reaching subchondral bone
**Defects reaching subchondral bone
***Filled with vascular fibroous tissue undergoing [[General Pathology - Disorders of Cell Growth#Metaplasia|metaplasia]] into cartilage
***Filled with vascular fibroous tissue undergoing [[Cell Growth Disorders#Metaplasia|metaplasia]] into cartilage
***Painful
***Painful
**Fibrillation - loss of proteoglycans -> condensation of collagen fibres -> fraying of surface
**Fibrillation - loss of proteoglycans -> condensation of collagen fibres -> fraying of surface
*Synovial membranes respond by:
*Synovial membranes respond by:
**Villous hypertrophy
**Villous hypertrophy
***+/- [[Joints Inflammatory - Pathology|synovitis]]
***+/- synovitis
**Hyperplasia
**Hyperplasia
[[Category:Joints - Pathology|A]]