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| − | * The cranial nerves are numbered 1-12 from the most rostral to the most caudal.
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| − | * A systematic examination of the cranial nerves can aid accurate identification of the site of a lesion.
| + | |pagetitle =Cranial Nerve Examination - Horse |
| | + | |pagebody = The cranial nerves are numbered 1-12 from the most rostral to the most caudal. A systematic examination of the cranial nerves can aid accurate identification of the site of a lesion. |
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| − | ===Cranial Nerve I===
| + | '''Cranial Nerve I''' is the olfactory nerve. Abnormalities are rarely detected in this nerve. |
| | + | |contenttitle =Content |
| | + | |contentbody =<big><b> |
| | + | <categorytree mode=pages>Cranial Nerve Examination - Horse</categorytree> |
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| − | * Cranial nerve I is the olfactory nerve.
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| − | ** Abnormalities are rarely detected in this nerve.
| + | |logo =Horse-logo.png |
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| − | ===[[Neurological Eye Examination - Horse]]===
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| − | ===[[Face Sensation]]===
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| − | ===[[Vestibular System Examination]]===
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| − | ===[[Pharyngeal and Laryngeal Function]]===
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| − | ===[[Tongue Movement]] ===
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| − | * The hypoglossal nerve, CN XII provides motor innervation to the [[Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]].
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| − | * Normally, a horse resists the [[Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]] being retracted from the mouth.
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| − | ** The horse will quickly return the tongue after it is pulled out to the side.
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| − | * Horses with hypoglossal weakness appear differently.
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| − | ** The [[Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]] may protrude from the mouth.
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| − | ** Chronic unilateral hypoglossal lesions may result in unilateral tongue atrophy.
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| − | ** Bilateral hypoglossal lesions may result in difficulty prehending food.
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| − | * Horses with cerebral dysfunction may have signs corresponding to tongue weakness.
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| − | ** However, [[Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]] atrophy is not present in these animals.
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| − | [[Category:Cranial Nerve Examination - Horse]]
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| | [[Category:Neurological Examination - Horse|C]] | | [[Category:Neurological Examination - Horse|C]] |