Changes

== Introduction<br> ==

[[Image:BPS.gif|right|thumb|125px|<small><center>Ring Zone Lesions of BPS - Calf (Courtesy of Alun Williams (RVC))</center></small>]]

*Parapox virus

This disease is caused by a parapox virus[[Image:BPS.gif|thumb|right|125px|<small><center>Ring Zone Lesions of BPS - Calf (Courtesy of Alun Williams (RVC))</center></small>]] [[Image:BPSOES.gif|thumb|right|125px|<small><center>Oesophageal lesions of BPS (Courtesy of Alun Williams (RVC))</center></small>]]and is a very similar disease to orf but seen in cattle and is generally a milder condition. It '''must be differentiated from [[Foot and Mouth Disease]] and [[BVD|Mucosal Disease.]]'''  

*Very similar disease to orf but seen in cattle and generally milder condition.

 

*'''Must be differentiated from [[Foot and Mouth Disease]] and [[BVD|Mucosal Disease.]]'''

It tends to occur sporadically in cattle that are less than one year of age. Lesions develop on the muzzle, external nares and in the [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]]; the [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]] and [[Ruminant Stomach - Anatomy & Physiology|forestomachs]] may also be affected. A characteristic feature of the disease is that it usually heals spontaneously.  

*Sporadic, in cattle, less than 1 year old.  

 

*Develop papules on the muzzle, external nares and in the [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]]; the [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]] and [[Ruminant Stomach - Anatomy & Physiology|forestomachs]] may also be affected.  

The early lesions are round areas of intense congestion up to 1.5 cm in diameter and then the centre becomes necrotic and slightly depressed.&nbsp;Slow peripheral extension of this lesion gives a classical ring zone formation with concentric rings of&nbsp;yellow (necrosis),&nbsp;

*Usually heals spontaneously.

 

grey (epithelial hyperplasia) and red (congestion).  

*The early lesions are round areas of intense congestion up to 1.5 cm in diameter.

 

*The centre becomes necrotic and slightly depressed.  

*Slow peripheral extension of this lesion gives a classical ring zone formation with concentric rings of

 

**yellow (necrosis),  

== Signalment<br> ==

**grey (epithelial hyperplasia)  

 

**red (congestion).  

=====Histology=====  

 

*There are focal areas of hydropic degeneration in the stratum spinosum

*Large eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion

 

*Epidermis is markedly thickened.

== Clinical Signs<br> ==

*The superficial layers of the epithelium become necrotic and slough.  

 

*''Vesicle formation is not a feature of this disease.''

[[Category:Poxviridae]][[Category:Oral_Cavity_-_Proliferative_Pathology]][[Category:Oral Diseases - Cattle]][[Category:Cattle Viruses]]

 

[[Category:Oesophagus_-_Pathology]][[Category:To_Do_-_Clinical/Viruses]]

 

== Diagnosis<br> ==

 

Clinical signs are characteristic, but the disease needs to be differentiated from Foot and Mouth and Mucosal disease, which with thorough inspection of lesions should be easy as vesicle formation is not a feature of this disease.<br>

 

Diagnosis is usually made by clinical signs, but if a biopsy were to be taken of the lesion one would see focal areas of hydropic degeneration in the stratum spinosum, large eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusions, the epidermis will appear markedly thickened and the superficial layers of the epithelium become necrotic and slough.  

 

''<br>''

 

 

There are no vaccines avaliable and treatment is not necessary as the lesions resolve spontaneously.<br>

 

 

 

Andrews, A.H, Blowey, R.W, Boyd, H and Eddy, R.G. (2004) Bovine Medicine (Second edition), Blackwell Publishing<br>Radostits, O.M, Arundel, J.H, and Gay, C.C. (2000) Veterinary Medicine: a textbook of the diseases of cattle, sheep, pigs, goats and horses Elsevier Health Sciences<br>

 

 

 

[[Category:Poxviridae]] [[Category:Oral_Cavity_-_Proliferative_Pathology]] [[Category:Oral_Diseases_-_Cattle]] [[Category:Cattle_Viruses]] [[Category:Oesophagus_-_Pathology]] [[Category:To_Do_-_Review]]