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| − | The most common form of internal spontaneous cancer in cattle. A rare form of malignant neoplasia in cattle, affecting the lymphatic system. It is completely separate entity from the enzootic bovine leucosis.
| + | '''Sporadic bovine leucosis''' is seen in young animals and causes thymic and cutaneous lymphosarcoma. These animals are usually seronegative for [[Bovine Leukosis|BLV]] and so the pathogenesis is thought to be different to enzootic bovine leukosis. |
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| − | ==== Common synonyms ====
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| − | SBL. Sporadic leukaemia/lymphoma.
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| − | ==== Aetiology ====
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| − | The cause of SBL is not known. It is taught that arises from a combination of environmental and genetic factors. Of the environmental factors, the potential role of carcinogens has been cited.
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| − | ==== Epidemiology ====
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| − | Usually, individual cattle. Mostly in cattle younger than 3 years. Three forms:
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| − | · Cutaneous lymphoma (1 - 3 up to 4 years of age)
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| − | · Juvenile multicentric (mostly 4 - 8 months of age, although others state <6 months of age)
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| − | · Thymic (0.5 - 2 years of age)
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| − | ==== Pathophysiology ====
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| − | T-cell tumour in origin.
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| − | ==== Clinical findings ====
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| − | Non-specific signs that differ dependent on the organs affected by the tumours.
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| − | '''Cutaneous form''' - cutaneous plaques (1 - 5 cm) on neck, back, rump, thighs. May regress spontaneously, followed by remission or death from the generalised form.
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| − | '''Juvenile form''' - progressive to fatal weight loss, accompanied by lymphadenopathy and obtundancy. Sometimes, dyspnoea, fever, posterior paralysis, and recurrent bloat. About half develop lymphoid leukaemia.
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| − | '''Thymic form''' - bloat, dyspnoea, fever, jugular distention, local oedema, and muffled heart sounds. Sometimes, swelling of the cervical thymus and/or lymphoid leukaemia.
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| − | ==== Post-mortem findings ====
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| − | Lymphadenopathy.
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| − | ==== Diagnosis ====
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| − | Clinical signs. Post-mortem findings. Histopathology. Lymph node/Thymic biopsy.
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| − | ==== Principal differential diagnosis ====
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| − | It is essential to differentiate it from the enzootic bovine leucosis.
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| − | ==== Treatment ====
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| − | No treatment. Generally associated with a very poor prognosis.
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| − | Cutaneous form may regress with corticosteroid treatment.
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| − | Advanced cases are invariably fatal.
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| | [[Category:To Do - Minor]] | | [[Category:To Do - Minor]] |
| | [[Category:To Do - Blood]] | | [[Category:To Do - Blood]] |