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Created page with "==Introduction== '''Air sacculitis''' is a common condition in the bird ==Signalment== Any bird may suffer from air sacculitis. The '''air sacs''' are extremely '''prone''' to b..."
==Introduction==
'''Air sacculitis''' is a common condition in the bird
==Signalment==
Any bird may suffer from air sacculitis. The '''air sacs''' are extremely '''prone''' to both '''infection''' and '''inflammation''' due to their anatomy. Infection can be bacterial or fungal (asperigillosis or granulomas)
==Clinical Signs==
The bird may present with '''mild''' levels of '''respiratory distress''' and '''feather plucking'''. '''Solid abscesses''' often develop in the body's attempt to wall of the infection.
==Diagnosis==
'''Endoscopy''' is the gold standard for diagnosis. This should be followed with '''culture''' and '''sensitivity''' of samples obtained by endoscopy. '''Radiography''' can also be used to demonstrate consolidation of the lungs and soft tissue opacity in the air sacs.
==Treatment==
Solid abscesses in the air sacs can be removed easily by '''endoscopy'''. They should simply be pulled off, and the wound will repair. The birds should also be treated with '''antibiotics''' administered by '''nebulisation''' as it is a stress-free and effective method for drug delivery. The droplets produced by the nebuliser should be less than '''5 microns''' or the air sacs will not be penetrated.
==Prognosis==
Prognosis is '''good'''. Although the condition is painful, mild cases rarely show any ill effects greater than feather-plucking.
==References==
Forbes NA & Altman RB (1998) '''Self-Assessment Colour Review Avian Medicine''' ''Manson Publishing Ltd''
Stanford, M (2009) '''Respiratory Disease in Birds''' Royal Veterinary College Integrated Course ''RVC''
[[Category: To Do - Siobhan Brade]]
[[Category:To Do - Manson review]]
'''Air sacculitis''' is a common condition in the bird
==Signalment==
Any bird may suffer from air sacculitis. The '''air sacs''' are extremely '''prone''' to both '''infection''' and '''inflammation''' due to their anatomy. Infection can be bacterial or fungal (asperigillosis or granulomas)
==Clinical Signs==
The bird may present with '''mild''' levels of '''respiratory distress''' and '''feather plucking'''. '''Solid abscesses''' often develop in the body's attempt to wall of the infection.
==Diagnosis==
'''Endoscopy''' is the gold standard for diagnosis. This should be followed with '''culture''' and '''sensitivity''' of samples obtained by endoscopy. '''Radiography''' can also be used to demonstrate consolidation of the lungs and soft tissue opacity in the air sacs.
==Treatment==
Solid abscesses in the air sacs can be removed easily by '''endoscopy'''. They should simply be pulled off, and the wound will repair. The birds should also be treated with '''antibiotics''' administered by '''nebulisation''' as it is a stress-free and effective method for drug delivery. The droplets produced by the nebuliser should be less than '''5 microns''' or the air sacs will not be penetrated.
==Prognosis==
Prognosis is '''good'''. Although the condition is painful, mild cases rarely show any ill effects greater than feather-plucking.
==References==
Forbes NA & Altman RB (1998) '''Self-Assessment Colour Review Avian Medicine''' ''Manson Publishing Ltd''
Stanford, M (2009) '''Respiratory Disease in Birds''' Royal Veterinary College Integrated Course ''RVC''
[[Category: To Do - Siobhan Brade]]
[[Category:To Do - Manson review]]