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Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)
Revision as of 15:09, 11 August 2011
, 15:09, 11 August 2011→Cranial Nerves
Clinical problems with the vestibulocochlear nerve would be indicated on examination by changes in hearing and/or horizontal and verticle eye movements (strabismus and nystagmus). A head tilt is also associated with this nerve.
Clinical problems with the vestibulocochlear nerve would be indicated on examination by changes in hearing and/or horizontal and verticle eye movements (strabismus and nystagmus). A head tilt is also associated with this nerve.
===Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)===
===Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)===
The glossopharyngeal nerve is part of the group of cranial nerves responsible for innervation of structures derived from the branchial arches. It is also part of a group together with the vagus and accessory nerves that passes through the '''jugular foramen'''.
The glossopharyngeal nerve is part of the group of cranial nerves responsible for innervation of structures derived from the branchial arches. This nerve is innervates structures related to the third branchial arch. It is also part of a group together with the vagus and accessory nerves that passes through the '''jugular foramen''' which is termed the '''vagus group'''. The glossopharyngeal nerve has '''general somatic efferent fibres''' and has cell bodies that are referred to as '''nucleus ambiguus'''. The glossopharyngeal nerve originates from the medulla oblongata and has several branches including the '''pharyngeal nerve''', the '''lingual nerve''' and the '''tympanic branches'''.
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The glossopharyngeal nerve is composed of many fibre types including '''general somatic efferent fibres''' that innervate the stylopharyngeus muscle; the '''general visceral afferent fibres''' that provide sensory information from the carotid body, the pharynx and the middle ear; the '''general visceral efferent fibres''' that provide parasympathetic innervation to the parotid and zygomatic salivary glands; the '''special visceral afferent fibres''' that provide taste caudal to the tongue and finally the '''general ssomatic afferent fibres''' that provide sensory information from the external ear.
===Vagus nerve (X)===
===Vagus nerve (X)===
The vagus nerve is part of the group of cranial nerves responsible for innervation of structures derived from the branchial arches. It is also part of a group together with the glossopharyngeal and accessory nerves that passes through the '''jugular foramen'''.
The vagus nerve is part of the group of cranial nerves responsible for innervation of structures derived from the branchial arches. It is also part of a group together with the glossopharyngeal and accessory nerves that passes through the '''jugular foramen''' which is termed the '''vagus group'''. The vagus nerve has '''general somatic efferent fibres''' and has cell bodies that are referred to as '''nucleus ambiguus'''.
===Accessory nerve (XI)===
===Accessory nerve (XI)===
The accessory nerve is part of the group of cranial nerves responsible for innervation of structures derived from the branchial arches. It is also part of a group together with the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves that passes through the '''jugular foramen'''.
The accessory nerve is part of the group of cranial nerves responsible for innervation of structures derived from the branchial arches. It is also part of a group together with the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves that passes through the '''jugular foramen''' which is termed the '''vagus group'''. The accessory nerve has '''general somatic efferent fibres''' and has cell bodies that are referred to as '''nucleus ambiguus'''.
===Hypoglossal nerve (XII)===
===Hypoglossal nerve (XII)===