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The trigeminal nerve is part of the cranial nerve group responsible for innervation of structures originating from branchial arches. The trigeminal nerve nuclei is in the area of the pons and medulla oblongata and is the nerve of the 1st branchial arch. In general terms the trigeminal represents the sensory nerve of the head but also provides motor fibres to structures also assoicated with the 1st branchial arch. There are three primary branches of the trigeminal nerve; the '''Opthalmic nerve (V1)''', the ''' Maxillary nerve (V2)''' and the '''Mandibular nerve (V3)'''.

The trigeminal nerve is part of the cranial nerve group responsible for innervation of structures originating from branchial arches. The trigeminal nerve nuclei is in the area of the pons and medulla oblongata and is the nerve of the 1st branchial arch. In general terms the trigeminal represents the sensory nerve of the head but also provides motor fibres to structures also assoicated with the 1st branchial arch. There are three primary branches of the trigeminal nerve; the '''Opthalmic nerve (V1)''', the ''' Maxillary nerve (V2)''' and the '''Mandibular nerve (V3)'''.

====Opthalmic nerve (V1)====

====Opthalmic nerve (V1)====

The opthalmic nerve is a sensory nerve composed of '''general somatic afferent fibres''' and passes through the '''orbital fissue'''. As it enters the orbit of the eye it splits further into the '''lacrimal nerve''', the '''frontal nerve''', the '''nasociliary nerve''' and the '''infratrochlear nerve'''. Therefore the nerve supplies sensory fibres to many aspects of the eye orbit.

The opthalmic nerve is a sensory nerve composed of '''general somatic afferent fibres''' and passes through the [[Skull_and_Facial_Muscles_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology#Major_Foramen_and_Canals|'''orbital fissue''']]. As it enters the orbit of the eye it splits further into the '''lacrimal nerve''', the '''frontal nerve''', the '''nasociliary nerve''' and the '''infratrochlear nerve'''. Therefore the nerve supplies sensory fibres to many aspects of the eye orbit.

 

====Maxillary nerve (V2)====

====Maxillary nerve (V2)====

The maxillary nerve is a sensory nerve composed of '''general somatic afferent fibres'''. The maxillary nerve passes through the '''round foramen''' and the '''alar canal'''. It also runs across the wall of the '''pterygopalatine fossa''' and enters the '''infraorbital canal''' via the '''maxillary foramen'''. Whilst in the infraorbital canal the maxillary nerve branch then branches further into the '''infraorbital nerve''' which supplies sensory fibres to the teeth. On exiting the infraorbital canal via the infraorbital foramen, the maxillary nerve branches again into the '''zygomatic nerve''' which supplies sensory fibres to the horn and to the '''pterygopalatine nerve''' supplying sensory fibres to the palate.

The maxillary nerve is a sensory nerve composed of '''general somatic afferent fibres'''. The maxillary nerve passes through the '''round foramen''' and the '''alar canal'''. It also runs across the wall of the '''pterygopalatine fossa''' and enters the '''infraorbital canal''' via the '''maxillary foramen'''. Whilst in the infraorbital canal the maxillary nerve branch then branches further into the '''infraorbital nerve''' which supplies sensory fibres to the teeth. On exiting the infraorbital canal via the infraorbital foramen, the maxillary nerve branches again into the '''zygomatic nerve''' which supplies sensory fibres to the horn and to the '''pterygopalatine nerve''' supplying sensory fibres to the palate.