Changes

Also known as: '''''Equine SCID — ESCID

Also known as: '''''Equine SCID — ESCID

SCID occurs due to a mutation in the allele encoding for DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) that is involved in V(D)J lymphocyte recombination. V(D)J recombination is required for antigenic receptor expression on B and T lymphocytes. Without these receptors, differentiation of B and T lymphocytes does not occur and lymphoid tissue fails to develop. The result of this mutation is a severe immunodeficiency.  

SCID occurs due to a mutation in the allele encoding for DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) that is involved in V(D)J lymphocyte recombination. V(D)J recombination is required for antigenic receptor expression on B and T lymphocytes. Without these receptors, differentiation of B and T lymphocytes does not occur and lymphoid tissue fails to develop. The result of this mutation is a severe immunodeficiency.  

==Clinical signs==

==Clinical Signs==

Affected foals are clinically normal at birth and usually develop infections at around two to three months of age due to declining maternal antibodies in the colostrum. The most common clinical signs relate to infections of the respiratory tract such as nasal discharge, cough, dyspnoea or increased respiratory sounds. Other clinical signs may reflect further sites of infection including intermittent fever, pneumonia, colic, weight loss and diarrhoea. Infection of the pancreas may result in loss of functional endocrine tissue leading to stunted growth and weight loss.  

Affected foals are clinically normal at birth and usually develop infections at around two to three months of age due to declining maternal antibodies in the colostrum. The most common clinical signs relate to infections of the respiratory tract such as nasal discharge, cough, dyspnoea or increased respiratory sounds. Other clinical signs may reflect further sites of infection including intermittent fever, pneumonia, colic, weight loss and diarrhoea. Infection of the pancreas may result in loss of functional endocrine tissue leading to stunted growth and weight loss.  

SCID may be prevented in foals by DNA testing of the mare and stallion and only breeding non-carrier animals.  

SCID may be prevented in foals by DNA testing of the mare and stallion and only breeding non-carrier animals.  

==Literature Search==

[[File:CABI logo.jpg|left|90px]]

|flashcards = [[Equine Internal Medicine Q&A 16]]

 

|literature search =[http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?start=0&q=title:(%22Equine+Severe+Combined+Immune+Deficiency%22)+OR+((title:(%22Severe+Combined+Immune+Deficiency%22)++OR+title:(SCID))+AND+od:(horses))+OR+title:(ESCID) Equine Severe Combined Immune Deficiency publications]

 

[http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?start=0&q=title:(%22Equine+Severe+Combined+Immune+Deficiency%22)+OR+((title:(%22Severe+Combined+Immune+Deficiency%22)++OR+title:(SCID))+AND+od:(horses))+OR+title:(ESCID) Equine Severe Combined Immune Deficiency publications]

==References==

==References==

*Swinburne, J., Lockhart, L., Scott, M., Binns, M. M. (1999) '''Estimation of the prevalence of Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Disease in UK Arab horses as determined by a DNA-based test''' ''The Veterinary Record 145 22-23''

*Swinburne, J., Lockhart, L., Scott, M., Binns, M. M. (1999) '''Estimation of the prevalence of Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Disease in UK Arab horses as determined by a DNA-based test''' ''The Veterinary Record 145 22-23''

[[Category:Primary Adaptive Immunity Deficiencies]]

[[Category:Primary Adaptive Immunity Deficiencies]]

 

[[Category:Expert Review - Horse]]

[[Category:Expert Review]]

[[Category:Immunological Diseases - Horse]]

[[Category:Immunological Diseases - Horse]]