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| Seborrhea is characterised by a '''defect in keratinisation or cornification'''. This results in increased scale formation, a greasy skin and hair coat and often secondary inflammation and infection. | | Seborrhea is characterised by a '''defect in keratinisation or cornification'''. This results in increased scale formation, a greasy skin and hair coat and often secondary inflammation and infection. |
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− | There are large amounts of free fatty acids and cholesterol and decreased amounts of diester waxes in surface lipids which lead bacterial populations to become pathogenic [[:Category:Staphylococcus species|coagulase positive staphylococci]] | + | There are large amounts of free fatty acids and cholesterol and decreased amounts of diester waxes in surface lipids which lead bacterial populations to become pathogenic [[:Category:Staphylococcus species|coagulase positive staphylococci]]. |
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| It is a '''chronic disease''' affecting mainly dogs, but also sometimes cats and horses. | | It is a '''chronic disease''' affecting mainly dogs, but also sometimes cats and horses. |
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− | ==Primary idiopathic seborrhea== | + | ==Primary Idiopathic Seborrhea== |
| This is a common '''inherited skin disorder''' seen most frequently in '''Cocker Spaniels'''. Basal epidermal cells in affected dogs undergo accelerated cellular proliferation and turnover. | | This is a common '''inherited skin disorder''' seen most frequently in '''Cocker Spaniels'''. Basal epidermal cells in affected dogs undergo accelerated cellular proliferation and turnover. |
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| Abnormal keratinisation begins from a '''very early age''' and tend to worsen with time. | | Abnormal keratinisation begins from a '''very early age''' and tend to worsen with time. |
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− | ==Secondary seborrhea== | + | ==Secondary Seborrhea== |
| Secondary seborrhea occurs due to an '''underlying disease''' predisposing to excessive scale, crusting and oiliness. | | Secondary seborrhea occurs due to an '''underlying disease''' predisposing to excessive scale, crusting and oiliness. |
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| The most common causes are endocrinopathies and allergies, but other diagnoses should be considered. | | The most common causes are endocrinopathies and allergies, but other diagnoses should be considered. |
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− | For animals '''under the age of 1''': demodecosis, cheyletiellosis, scabies, nutritional deficiencies, icthyosis, epidermal dysplasia, food hypersensitivity and atopy. | + | For animals '''under the age of one''': [[demodecosis]], [[cheyletiellosis]], [[scabies]], nutritional deficiencies, icthyosis, epidermal dysplasia, food hypersensitivity and [[Atopic Dermatitis|atopy]]. |
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− | In animals up to 5, '''allergy''' is the most common cause of seborrhea. | + | In animals up to five years old, '''allergy''' is the most common cause of seborrhea. |
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| In animals over the age of 5 an '''endocrinopathy''' or neoplasia become more likely. | | In animals over the age of 5 an '''endocrinopathy''' or neoplasia become more likely. |
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| Sulfur, salicylic acid and benzoxyl peroxide should be used in more severe cases needing agents with keratinolytic, keratinoplastic and antimicrobial effects. | | Sulfur, salicylic acid and benzoxyl peroxide should be used in more severe cases needing agents with keratinolytic, keratinoplastic and antimicrobial effects. |
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− | In most cases the '''prognosis is good''', but treatment is usually complex and involves alot of input from both the vet and the owner. | + | In most cases the '''prognosis is good''', but treatment is usually complex and involves a lot of input from both the vet and the owner. |
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| {{Learning | | {{Learning |
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| Merck and Co (2008) '''The Merck Veterinary Manual''' ''Merial'' | | Merck and Co (2008) '''The Merck Veterinary Manual''' ''Merial'' |
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− | [[Category:To Do - Helen]]
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− | [[Category:To Do - Review]]
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| + | {{review}} |
| + | [[Category:Dermatological Diseases - Dog]][[Category:Dermatological Diseases - Cat]][[Category:Dermatological Diseases - Horse]] |
| + | [[Category:Expert Review]] |
| [[Category:Integumentary System - Pathology]] | | [[Category:Integumentary System - Pathology]] |