Difference between revisions of "Pasteurella species and Mannheimia haemolytica"
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
| Line 38: | Line 38: | ||
*Not haemolytic | *Not haemolytic | ||
*Do not grow on MacConkey | *Do not grow on MacConkey | ||
| − | * | + | *Five capsular serotypes, A,B,D,E and F |
*Primary and secondary pathogen | *Primary and secondary pathogen | ||
*Responsible for secondary infections following primary viral and mycoplasmal infections, especially in the lungs, for example during pig enzootic pneumonia | *Responsible for secondary infections following primary viral and mycoplasmal infections, especially in the lungs, for example during pig enzootic pneumonia | ||
| Line 44: | Line 44: | ||
*Typa A | *Typa A | ||
**Commensal in upper respiratory tract of animals in UK | **Commensal in upper respiratory tract of animals in UK | ||
| − | **Primary pathogen in | + | **Primary pathogen in avianw cholera - a septicaemia in chickens and turkeys |
**Secondary pathogen commomly repsonsible for dog and cat bite wound infections in humans and animals | **Secondary pathogen commomly repsonsible for dog and cat bite wound infections in humans and animals | ||
**Some strains involved in [[Nasal cavity - inflammatory#Bacterial rhinitis|Atrophic rhinitis of pigs]], and produce osteolytic toxin | **Some strains involved in [[Nasal cavity - inflammatory#Bacterial rhinitis|Atrophic rhinitis of pigs]], and produce osteolytic toxin | ||
| Line 55: | Line 55: | ||
**Primary and secondary pathogen | **Primary and secondary pathogen | ||
**Causes [[Bacterial infections#In Pigs|atrophic rhinitis]] along with [[Bordetella bronchiseptica and Bordetella avium|''Bordetella bronchiseptica'']] in pigs | **Causes [[Bacterial infections#In Pigs|atrophic rhinitis]] along with [[Bordetella bronchiseptica and Bordetella avium|''Bordetella bronchiseptica'']] in pigs | ||
| − | **Produces an osteolytic toxin, which stimulates osteoclasts, inducing bone resorption of the nasal turbinates | + | **''Pasteurella multocida'' adhere to epithelium damaged by [[Bordetella bronchiseptica and Bordetella avium|''Bordetella bronchiseptica'']] |
| + | **Produces an osteolytic toxin (Pmt), which stimulates osteoclasts, inducing bone resorption of the nasal turbinates | ||
*Type E | *Type E | ||
| Line 69: | Line 70: | ||
*T biotypes - trehalose fermenters | *T biotypes - trehalose fermenters | ||
*Pneumonia in ruminants | *Pneumonia in ruminants | ||
| + | *Septicaemic pasteurellosis in feeder lambs | ||
| + | *Mastitis in sheep | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===''Pasteurella caballi''=== | ||
| + | |||
| + | *Equine respiratory tract disease, usually in association with ''Streptococcus equi'' | ||
| Line 77: | Line 84: | ||
*Cause of epizootic pneumonia in cattle known as Shipping Fever, Transit Fever or [[Bacterial infections#Pneumonic pasteurellosis|pneumonic pasteurellosis]] | *Cause of epizootic pneumonia in cattle known as Shipping Fever, Transit Fever or [[Bacterial infections#Pneumonic pasteurellosis|pneumonic pasteurellosis]] | ||
*Usually secondary to viral infections such as [[Viral infections#Parainfluenza- 3|parainfluenza - 3]] or [[Viral infections#In Cattle|IBR]], bacterial infections such as ''Mycoplasma'' or environmental stress | *Usually secondary to viral infections such as [[Viral infections#Parainfluenza- 3|parainfluenza - 3]] or [[Viral infections#In Cattle|IBR]], bacterial infections such as ''Mycoplasma'' or environmental stress | ||
| + | *Enzootic pneumonia in sheep | ||
*Causes pasteurellosis and mastitis in sheep | *Causes pasteurellosis and mastitis in sheep | ||
*Beta-haemolytic on blood agar | *Beta-haemolytic on blood agar | ||
Revision as of 11:19, 17 December 2007
- Pasteurella multocida in Atrophic rhinitis of pigs and atrophic rhinitis
- Peritonitis in sheep
- Permeability types of pulmonary oedema.
- Can be secondary to IBR
- Causes 'Snuffles' in rabbits
- Manheimia haemolytica biotype A serotype 1 (90%) and Pasteurella multocida cause pneumonic pasteurellosis
- Pasteurellosis in pigs
- Can cause vascular fragility, leading to haemorrhagic disease.
- M. haemolytica and P. multocida may contribute to Enzootic pneumonia of calves
- Often follows parainfluenza - 3 infection of cattle
- P. haemolytica in enzootic pneumonia of lambs
- In pyothorax
- P. multocida in cellulitis in cats
Overview Pasteurella and Mannheimia
- Common commensals of the upper respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract mucosa of animals
- Usually opportunistic organisms, causing disease during times of stress, low resistance or concurrent infection
- Not part of the human bacterial flora
- Gram-negative bacilli or coccobacilli
- Facultative anaerobes
- Oxidase-positive
- May show bipolar staining with polychrome stains
- Capsules contain acidic polysaccharides
Pasteurella Properties
- Catarrhal odour
- Produce endotoxins which cause host damage and death
- Resist phagocytosis by their capsule
Pasteurella multocida
- Large grey colonies on blood agar
- Not haemolytic
- Do not grow on MacConkey
- Five capsular serotypes, A,B,D,E and F
- Primary and secondary pathogen
- Responsible for secondary infections following primary viral and mycoplasmal infections, especially in the lungs, for example during pig enzootic pneumonia
- Typa A
- Commensal in upper respiratory tract of animals in UK
- Primary pathogen in avianw cholera - a septicaemia in chickens and turkeys
- Secondary pathogen commomly repsonsible for dog and cat bite wound infections in humans and animals
- Some strains involved in Atrophic rhinitis of pigs, and produce osteolytic toxin
- Involved in 'Snuffles' in rabbits (Pateurellosis)
- Type B
- Causes Haemorrhagic Septicaemia of cattle in Southern Europe and Asia
- Type D
- Primary and secondary pathogen
- Causes atrophic rhinitis along with Bordetella bronchiseptica in pigs
- Pasteurella multocida adhere to epithelium damaged by Bordetella bronchiseptica
- Produces an osteolytic toxin (Pmt), which stimulates osteoclasts, inducing bone resorption of the nasal turbinates
- Type E
- Causes African Bovine Haemorrhagic Septicaemia
Pasteurella pneumotropica
- Carried in nasopharynx of many small rodents
- Causes pneumonia in rodents as a secondary disease
Pasteurella trehalosi
- T biotypes - trehalose fermenters
- Pneumonia in ruminants
- Septicaemic pasteurellosis in feeder lambs
- Mastitis in sheep
Pasteurella caballi
- Equine respiratory tract disease, usually in association with Streptococcus equi
Mannheimia
Mannheimia haemolytica
- Cause of epizootic pneumonia in cattle known as Shipping Fever, Transit Fever or pneumonic pasteurellosis
- Usually secondary to viral infections such as parainfluenza - 3 or IBR, bacterial infections such as Mycoplasma or environmental stress
- Enzootic pneumonia in sheep
- Causes pasteurellosis and mastitis in sheep
- Beta-haemolytic on blood agar
- Grow weakly on MacConkey agar
- All are Mannheimia A biotypes (previously Pasterurella haemolytica
- Strains often produce a cytotoxin, known as leukotoxin, which kills leukocytes of ruminants
- Leukotoxin is a member of the RTX group toxins, and is probably largely responsible for the pathogenicity of the bacteria in septicaemia and pneumonia
Mannheimia glucosida
- Previously biotype A11